Adrenaline

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of adrenaline?

Answer 1

Alpha and beta receptor agonist

Question 2

How does adrenaline work?

Answer 2

Activation of alpha receptors leads to vascular smooth muscle contraction and peripheral vasoconstriction

Activation of B1 receptors leads to increase in heart rate and force of contraction

Activation of B2 receptors leads to bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation

Question 3

What are the indications for adrenaline?

Answer 3

Anaphylaxis
Cardiac arrest

Question 4

How is adrenaline given in CPR?

Answer 4

1mg of adrenaline 1 in 10000 is given IV every 3-5 minutes as necessary

Given via a central line or peripheral line

Question 5

How is adrenaline given in anaphylaxis?

Answer 5

500mcg of adrenaline 1 in 1000 is given IM

Question 6

What are the contraindications of adrenaline?

Answer 6

Significant cardiovascular disease
Hypertension
Diabetes

All cautions for non-life threatening situations

Question 7

What are the important side effects of adrenaline?

Answer 7

Hypertension
Risk of cerebral haemorrhage
Hyperglycaemia
Metabolic acidosis
Injection site reactions

Question 8

What are the interactions of adrenaline?

Answer 8

MAO inhibitors - Increased risk of hypertensive crisis
Beta blockers - risk of severe hypertension