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MOD 4 - Toxicology & ADR > ADR > Flashcards

ADR Flashcards

1
Q

related to the pharmacological action of the drug

A

extension effects
detection: early in clinical development
dose dependent

ADR Type A - Augmented

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2
Q

not related to the pharmacological effect

A

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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3
Q

oral hypoglycemics
hypoglycemia

A

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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4
Q

steroids
immunosuppression

A

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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5
Q

cns depressants (benzo/barbiturates)
sedation

A

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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6
Q

anticoagulants
bleeding

A

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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7
Q

antihypertensives
hypotension

A

extension effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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8
Q

opiates
constipation

A

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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9
Q

nitroglycerin
headache

A

side effects (vasodilated nerves in head)
ADR Type A - Augmented

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10
Q

ACEI
cough

A

side effects (bradykinin)
ADR Type A - Augmented

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11
Q

minoxidil
hirsutism

A

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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12
Q

antihistamine
sedation

A

side effects (histamine = NT for wakefulness)
ADR Type A - Augmented

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13
Q

statins
rhabdomyolysis/hepatoxicity

A

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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14
Q

aminoglycosides
nephro/oto/vestibulotoxicity

A

side effects
ADR Type A - Augmented

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15
Q

not pharmacologically predictable

A

bizarre
not dose dependent
detection: post-licensing

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16
Q

genetically determined

A

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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17
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

caused by succinyl choline
DOC: dantrolene

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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18
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

caused by G6PD deficiency and the ff
nsaids, sulfa drugs, soya/bean, camphor/menthol

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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19
Q

stevens-johnson syndrome

A

caused by sulfa drugs
toxic epidermal necrolysis

idiosyncracy
ADR type B- Bizarre

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20
Q

determined by immune factors

A

ex asthma, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, etc

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR type B - Bizarre

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21
Q

IgE mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell mediated
DOC: epinephrine

symptoms: angioedema, urticaria, hives
low BP, bronchoconstriction

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22
Q

food allergy

A

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell (IgE) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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23
Q

penicillin allergy

A

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell (IgE) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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24
Q

nsaids allergy

A

Type I - anaphylactic/immediate
b-cell (IgE) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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25
Q

IgG mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity

A

Type II - Cytotoxic
b-cell (IgG, IgM) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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26
Q

eryhtroblastosis fetalis

A

hemolytic disease of the newborn
Rh incompatibility (+ & -) blood type

DOC: Rhogam (Rh Ig)
give: 28 weeks pregnant; 72 hrs after birth

Type II - Cytotoxic
b-cell (IgG, IgM) mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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27
Q

immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type III - Immune complex-mediated
b-cell mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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28
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

Type III - Immune complex-mediated
b-cell mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

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29
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

A

Type III - Immune complex-mediated
b-cell mediated

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

30
Q

cell-mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated
after 72 hrs

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

31
Q

contact dermatitis

A

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated
after 72 hrs

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

32
Q

graft rejection

A

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated
after 72 hrs

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

33
Q

mantoux test

A

Type IV - Delayed/T cell mediated
after 72 hrs

hypersensitivity reactions
ADR Type B - Bizarre

34
Q

cumulative dose of the drug

A

ADR Type C - Continuous
dose and time-related
prolonged exposure

35
Q

takes drug compulsively despite harm and desire to stop

A

addiction
ADR Type C - Continuous

36
Q

marijuana

A

addiction
ADR Type C - Continuous

37
Q

cocaine

A

addiction
ADR Type C - Continuous

38
Q

amphetamines

A

addiction
ADR Type C - Continuous

39
Q

LSD

A

addiction
ADR Type C - Continuous

40
Q

withdrawal effects w/out drug

A

dependence
ADR Type C - Continuous

41
Q

benzodiazepines

A

dependence
ADR Type C - Continuous

42
Q

caffeine

A

physiological dependence - body cant function well
psychological dependence - mind cant function well

dependence
ADR Type C - Continuous

43
Q

normal dose has less or no effect

A

tolerance/ tachyphylaxis
ADR Type C - Continuous

44
Q

nicotine

A

tolerance/ tachyphylaxis
ADR Type C - Continuous

45
Q

ability to cause caner/ neoplasm/ malignancy

A

carcinogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

46
Q

antineoplastic agents

A

carcinogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

47
Q

hydrocarbons

A

carcinogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

48
Q

aflatoxin

A

causes liver cancer
carcinogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

49
Q

benzene

A

carcinogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

50
Q

PVC

A

carcinogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

51
Q

asbestos

A

causes lung cancer
carcinogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

52
Q

ability to cause fetal malformations

A

teratogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

53
Q

neural tube defect

A

carbamazepine
valproic acid

teratogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

54
Q

vaginal adenocarcinoma

A

diethylstilbestrol
teratogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

55
Q

fetal hydantoin syndrome

A

phenytoin
teratogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

56
Q

phocomelia

A

thalidomide
teratogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

57
Q

renal agenesis

A

ACEI/ARBS
teratogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

58
Q

cleft lip, ear/eye defects, mental retardation

A

isotretinoin (must stop 3 months before pregnancy)
teratogenicity
ADR Type D - Delayed

59
Q

withdrawal symptoms

A

ADR Type E - End of use
remedy: taper dose

60
Q

opiates
irritability

A

ADR Type E - End of use

61
Q

rebound insomnia & excitation

A

benzodiazepine
ADR Type E - End of use

62
Q

rebound hypertension

A

clonidine
ADR Type E - End of use

63
Q

rebound congestion

A

nasal decongestants

64
Q

adrenal crisis

65
Q

drug-drug interactions

A

ADR Type F - Failure of efficacy

66
Q

use of counterfeit

A

ADR Type F - Failure of efficacy

67
Q

drug instability

A

ADR Type F - Failure of efficacy

68
Q

patient non compliance

A

ADR Type F - Failure of efficacy

69
Q

wrong route of administration

A

ADR Type F - Failure of efficacy

70
Q

drug resistance

A

ADR Type F - Failure of efficacy

MOD 4 - Toxicology & ADR (4 decks)

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