Adolescent Medicine/ Ethics/ Palliative Medicine Flashcards
first visible sign of puberty among males
testicular enlargement
first sign of puberty among females are usually seen in what age?
8-12 yo
features are usually seen during middle adolescence:
males growth spurt, nocturnal emissions, voice changes
Dylan is a male high school student. His father is an OFW and he was raised by his mother and grandmother, of whom he has good relationship with. He enjoys friendship with girl cousins and is not keen in doing sports and other activities. He oftentimes questions his sexual orientation. These thoughts are common in what adolescent stage?
middle
Emergence of abstract thought is seen during this period of adolescence?
middle
In females, when the areola and papilla form a second mound, the child is in what sexual maturity rating?
SMR 4
You were called in the pedia ward by the intern because of an adolescent female who refused to be examined. After explaining to her, she agreed for you to do the physical examination. For her sexual maturity rating, you observed that pubic hair is coarse, abundant yet not as much as that of the adult’s. What would be her SMR stage?
SMR 4
A male Dengue patient underwent HEADSSS screening. Reading the intern’s notes, he wrote that the child has enlarged scrotum, pink and altered texture. What SMR stage is he in?
SMR 2
If a male patient has a larger penis, with increased glans and breadth, what SMR stage is he in?
SMR 4
Based on DSM 5 Diagnostic Criteria for Gender Dysphoria, as adolescent should have at least how many manifestations (i.e. incongruence between experienced gender and anticipated sex characteristics) before he can be labeled GD?
2
Which of the following is an identified protective factor for developing smoking behavior?
Perceived healthiness
Based in the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines on allowing medical treatment for adolescents without parental consent, which of the following is considered a “legal exception” for a parental consent?
Adolescent being married
True or false: For new patients, parents should be interviewed either before or with the adolescents
true
Evaluation for scoliosis is part of the required physical examination for adolescents. What would be an indication for referral to an orthopedist?
Curve measuring greater than 10 degrees
In relation with WHO’s FISTS mnemonic for assessing adolescent’s risk of violence, the “second” S stands for:
Self Defense
“Family risk factor” for adolescents developing a drinking problem
Low parental supervision
Family conflicts
Having a parent with alcohol drinking problem
According to AAP CLinical Guidelines for care for adolescent parent and their children, which should be part of the contraceptive counseling?
Emphasize condom use
the following statements regarding withholding and withdrawing treatment for pediatric patients is TRUE/FALSE:
Resuscitation may be done also to help address parental burden of not “withholding available life-saving resuscitations” to their child.
false
true:
A.This is ethically acceptable if it complements the plan for the patient, to improve quality at the end of life than cure.
B.The focus should be mainly in the child rather than the interests of the family.
C.The medical order regarding resuscitation is not irrevocable.
This pertains to the concept that an action with good and bad effects is morally justifiable if the good effects is the only one intended, and the bad effect is foreseen and accepted but not desired.
doctrine of double effect
This pertains to a standard government legislation prohibiting withholding of medically beneficial treatment for disabled infants
baby doe regulation
In balancing maternal and fetal interests, it is generally acceptable for the physician to go ahead with treatment against the mother’s will in the following situations
risk to the pregnant woman is minimal
intervention is clearly effective
harm to the fetus/unborn child without the intervention would be certain, subtstantial and irrevocable
Regarding participation of the pediatric patients in research, which of the following statements is true:
The welfare of an invidual child must always come before the scientific goals of the research study.
false:
Children should never be included with the exception of certain populations where specific diseases are more common.
All states require that important researches on children be allowed as long as the families are assured that risks are minimal.
Researches may proceed as long as the parents give full consent.
Different religions have different practices, in some cases, issues arise due to these differences. In which situation can a pediatrician continue treatment despite parental objection?
If a child’s life is imminently threatened
false:
If the parents are not of legal age
If the hospital is training hospital
If parents have signed a revocable dissent form
conditions appropriate for palliative care except:
A. Conditions where curative treatment is possible but may not succeed
B. Conditions where there is intensive long term treatment to prolong lige but risk of death is still possible
C. Progressive conditions where there is no curative option
D. Progressive conditions where family decided to do palliative care due to lack of resources
D. Progressive conditions where family decided to do palliative care due to lack of resources
