Administration and Management Flashcards
Describe Random Error
due to chance and exists in all measurements.
Describe systematic error
systematic error influences values consistently in one direction
describe active error
active error occurs at the interface between a laboratorian and the patient samples
describe latent errors
latent errors are related to the organization or design of a laboratory.
This type of error is due to chance and can exist in all measurements.
random error
This type of error influences values consistently in one direction.
systemic error
This type of error occurs at the interface between a laboratorian and the patient sample.
active error
This type of error is related to the organization or design of a laboratory.
Latent Error
Name six sources of variation (factors that affect the measurement of an analyte):
- sample error2. random analytical error3. method or instrument bias (analytical systemic error)4. operator error5. sample (day-to-day variation within a single patient)6. patient (patient variation - race, sex, age, health status)
Using Westgard Rules, when would use a run as a warning and why?
1(2S) - accept the run; use as a warning when one control results exceeds 2 SD
Define Reflex Testing.
The performance of a test on a patient specimen only after a particular analyte is abnormal or outside of a predetermined range. It includes follow-up testing automatically initiated when certain test results are observed in the laboratory; it is used to clarify or elaborate on primary test results.
Give an example using sickle cell screening of reflex testing.
A positive sickle cell screen reflexes a hemoglobin electrophoresis.
Give an example using leukocyte esterase of reflex testing.
A positive reagent strip leukocyte esterase reflexes a urine culture.
Name Four Common Types of Error.
Random Error exists in all measurements and is due to chance.
Systematic error influences values consistently in one direction.
Active error occurs at the interface between a laboratorian and the patient samples.
Latent errors are related to the organization or design of a laboratory.
What are the main responsibilities of a laboratory director?
The lab director is responsible for the overall operation and administration of the laboratory and for assuring compliance with the applicable regulations.
What happens in the case that a laboratory has more than one individual that qualifies as a director?
The laboratory is required to designate one individual who has ultimate responsibility for overall operation and administration of the laboratory.
What are the five main overall management processes used in a clinical laboratory by the director?
- planning and decision making2. organizing3. staffing4. controlling (monitoring and correcting)5. directing
Summarize the Planning and Decision Making Duties of a laboratory director.
Determining the organizations goals and deciding how to best achieve them.
Summarize the Organizing Duties of a laboratory director.
Determining how best to group activities and resources.
Summarize the Staffing Duties of a laboratory director.
Finding, placing, and keeping the right staff
Summarize the Controlling Duties of a laboratory director.
monitoring and correcting the ongoing activities to facilitate goal attainment.
Summarize the Controlling Duties of a laboratory director.
monitoring and correcting ongoing activities to facilitate goal attainment.
Summarize the Directing Duties of a laboratory director.
Telling people what to do and seeing that they do it.
Describe a forecast budget.
where budget line items, such as salaries and benefits, are increased or decreased on the basis of a previous year’s budget. This type of budget is based primarily on the number of tests performed in the laboratory. The budget for the next year is based on the revenues produced from the past year together with the expected forecast from the anticipated number of tests to be performed in the next year.