ADME Passive diffusion Flashcards
What does pharmacokinetics mean
how the drug is metabolized
absorption, metabolism, excreation
What does pharmacodynamics mean
how drugs act in the body
receptor down regulation, receptor sensitivity
Who has a more acidic urine ruminants or carnivores?
carnivores (acidic)
herbivores (alkaline)
boxers are sensitive to?
phenothiazines like ace
adverse cardiovascular effects
collies and collie type breeds are sensitive to?
ivermectrin MDR1
Australian terriers dont respond to to what like other breeds?
Fentanyl/ droperidol
exhibit little sedation
tachycardia, muscle tremors, salivation, convlusions
drug clearance doesn’t typically reach adult clearance levels till approx what age?
12 wks
what does an idiosyncratic drug reaction mean?
reaction that is characterized as being unpredictable
idiosyncratic drug reactions can occur
on the first exposure and are not dose dependent.
What type of hypersensitivity reactions are acute allergic of anaphylactic drug reactions
type 1 hypersensitivity
tolerance is usally
a gradual process associated chronic on going adminstration
what is tachyphylaxis?
tolerance that happens suddenly (acutely)
what is aDsorption?
sticking to something
what is aBsorption?
going systemically
what is cumulation?
the rate of elimination from the body is slower than the rate of absorption.
repeated doses you can see and increase in drug concentration in the body
Drug-drug interaction “summation”
two drugs have an additive effect
drug-drug interaction “synergism”
two drugs have greater effect when combined
drug-drug interaction “antagonism”
two drugs have a decreased effect on eachother
Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction absorption
one drug can inhibit the absorption of another
or
one drug can enhance the absorption of the other.
pharmacokinetic antagonism
one drug reduces the the [ ] of the other at the site of action by interfering with its ADME processes
pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction distribution
drugs can compete with each other for binding to plasma proteins.
pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction metabolism
enzyme inducers and inhibitors
Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction excretion
drugs compete for carrier molecules in the kidney thereby reducing the excretion of the other drugs that use the same carrier
How does ACIDIFYING the urine alter the excretion of certain drugs?
increases excretion of weak bases
Acidifying=weak base
