ADME Passive diffusion

Question 1

What does pharmacokinetics mean

Answer 1

how the drug is metabolized

absorption, metabolism, excreation

Question 2

What does pharmacodynamics mean

Answer 2

how drugs act in the body

receptor down regulation, receptor sensitivity

Question 3

Who has a more acidic urine ruminants or carnivores?

Answer 3

carnivores (acidic)

herbivores (alkaline)

Question 4

boxers are sensitive to?

Answer 4

phenothiazines like ace

adverse cardiovascular effects

Question 5

collies and collie type breeds are sensitive to?

Answer 5

ivermectrin MDR1

Question 6

Australian terriers dont respond to to what like other breeds?

Answer 6

Fentanyl/ droperidol
exhibit little sedation
tachycardia, muscle tremors, salivation, convlusions

Question 7

drug clearance doesn’t typically reach adult clearance levels till approx what age?

Answer 7

12 wks

Question 8

what does an idiosyncratic drug reaction mean?

Answer 8

reaction that is characterized as being unpredictable

Question 9

idiosyncratic drug reactions can occur

Answer 9

on the first exposure and are not dose dependent.

Question 10

What type of hypersensitivity reactions are acute allergic of anaphylactic drug reactions

Answer 10

type 1 hypersensitivity

Question 11

tolerance is usally

Answer 11

a gradual process associated chronic on going adminstration

Question 12

what is tachyphylaxis?

Answer 12

tolerance that happens suddenly (acutely)

Question 13

what is aDsorption?

Answer 13

sticking to something

Question 14

what is aBsorption?

Answer 14

going systemically

Question 15

what is cumulation?

Answer 15

the rate of elimination from the body is slower than the rate of absorption.
repeated doses you can see and increase in drug concentration in the body

Question 16

Drug-drug interaction “summation”

Answer 16

two drugs have an additive effect

Question 17

drug-drug interaction “synergism”

Answer 17

two drugs have greater effect when combined

Question 18

drug-drug interaction “antagonism”

Answer 18

two drugs have a decreased effect on eachother

Question 19

Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction absorption

Answer 19

one drug can inhibit the absorption of another
or
one drug can enhance the absorption of the other.

Question 20

pharmacokinetic antagonism

Answer 20

one drug reduces the the [ ] of the other at the site of action by interfering with its ADME processes

Question 21

pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction distribution

Answer 21

drugs can compete with each other for binding to plasma proteins.

Question 22

pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction metabolism

Answer 22

enzyme inducers and inhibitors

Question 23

Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction excretion

Answer 23

drugs compete for carrier molecules in the kidney thereby reducing the excretion of the other drugs that use the same carrier

Question 24

How does ACIDIFYING the urine alter the excretion of certain drugs?

Answer 24

increases excretion of weak bases

Acidifying=weak base

Question 25

How does ALKALINIZING the urine alter the excretion of certain drugs?

Answer 25

increases the excretion of weak acids

Alkanlinizing= weak acid

Question 26

how does oxygen in the environment effect a drug in the P

Answer 26

decreased ambiant oxygen can worsen the respiratory depression caused by some drugs
higher altitude, P factor