Adjunct Analgesics Flashcards
1
Q
Lidocaine
A
- Fast sodium channel blocker
- slows repolarizartion of ventricular myocytes
- inhibits sodium influx at peripheral nerves
- Local anaesthetic and anti-arrhythmia
- moderate cytoprotective and antioxidant properties
- anti-inflammatory effect
- Calcium channel blocking properties
- stabilise cell membranes
- lessen repercussion injury and cell damage by slowing sodium influx into ischemic cells
- CRI (25-50mcg/kg/min)in conjunction to other analgesics (esp opioids) have profound analgesic effects
- spinal or soft tissue trauma
- Single nerve block
- Epidural
- Rapid onset (several minutes)
- Short duration (10-20mins; 1-2 hours locally)
- Caution with patients who has cardiac nerve conduction abnormalities
- desensitises ventricles and can slow nerve conduction
- do not use in ventricular escape beats, AV blocks or sick sinus syndrome
- Gastrointestinal effects
- ileus
- nausea
- CNS toxicity
- cats
- altered mentation
- muscle tremors
2
Q
Bupivicane
A
- local anaesthetic
- Delayed onset (20-30mins)
- Longer duration (4-6hours)
- Epidurals or locally
- Often used in conjunction with lidocaine as local anaesthetic
- lidocaine Short lived effect
- bupivicane long duration to prolong initial anesthesia of lidnocaine
- Highly cardiotoxic
- NEVER GIVE IV
