写作常用替换词 adj adv Flashcards
worrying
≈ disturbing
very popular
prevalent/ ubiquitous
TRUE
genuine (truly a genuinely)
deep
profound （深刻的，后面经常跟wisdom/ truths/ understanding/ impact/ thoughts）
strong
powerful/ mighty
weak
≈ vulnerable
hard-working
industrious（注意不是industrial，而diligent那个词在美语中是个挺大的词）
very disappointing
lamentable/ pathetic
be good (for)
be beneficial (to) = be in the best interests (of)
be not as good as
be inferior to
be better than
be superior to
uninteresting
mundane （注意这个词其实再美国很多时候并不是“世俗的”意思/humdrum
many
numerous（注意要跟可数名词）
complicated
intricate
strange
odd/ bizarre/ eccentric（单weird有点过于口语化了）
cannot be turned back
be irreversible
produce useful results
productive
practical
≈ realistic
mature
sophisticated （这个词指人的时候意思是思维成熟老练的）
selfish
self-centered/ materialistic
proud （贬义）
conceited
suitable
fitting
most suitable
optimal
lonely
isolated/ alienated
alone
solitary
be easily influenced by sth.
be susceptible to sth. （一般是坏事情，比如a disease/ attacks）
be the same
be identical/ be homogenous/ be uniform（后面两个词比较正式，一般是说cultural globalization的时候常用，现在理解为什么小幅的名词叫school uniforms了吧，就是让大家都看起来一样的衣服）
interesting
≈ stimulating
boring
≈ monotonous/ repetitive
useless
redundant
smart
intelligent
famous
renowned
positive
≈ desirable/ encouraging
happy
delighted
enjoyable
delightful
can be used
be available
hard to understand
bewildering/ baffling/ confusing
(laws/ rules/ people) not strict
lenient
healthy
wholesome（注意说人的健康还是要用healthy，但是如果说事物有益健康，就可以用wholesome）
good for the envrionment
eco-friendly（比如Biking is far more eco-friendly than driving their SUVs.）
nervous/ anxious
≈ apprehensive
doubt sth.
be skeptical about sth.
fair
≈ justified
unfair
≈ unwarranted/ unjustifiable
huge
enormous/ massive/ vast/ colossal
small
tiny/ miniscule（后面一般跟抽象名词）
have many different abilities
be versatile/ be well-rounded
be familiar with
be well-acquainted with
very successful/ admirable
distinguished
proper
appropriate
typical
quintessential （这个语气非常强）
exact
precise/ ≈ accurate
ugly
unsightly
poor-quality
substandard (housing/ accommodation/ work/ goods/ machines)
the present…
the current…/ the existing…（比如the current financial crisis/ the existing environmental problems)
outdated
antiquated/ obsolete
highly-respected
esteemed
complete(adj.)/ whole
entire
spend a lot of money
lead an extravagant/ a lavish life
open
enlighted/ progressive （开明的，逐步的，经常用来形容govern-ment 或者society）
sth. must be carried out
sth. is compulsory/ sth. is mandatory
with long history
time-honored（后面经常跟抽象名词，比如tradition/ practice/ methods/ heritage）
continuing forever
perpetual
important
significant essential vital(这三个词的重要性依次递增)
very attractive
very appealing/ fascinating/ captivating
very careful
cautious
be very interested in
be absorbed in/ be engrossed in
be qualified for
be eligible for
disappointing
frustrating
wrong
erroneous
long and a bit annoying
lengthy
very difficult
daunting/ formidable
being spread in uncontrolled way
rampant （后面经常跟负面现象，比如crime, pollution 或者discrimination）
cruel
≈ inhumane/ merciless
fat
overweight/ obese（后面这个已经胖出病了）
having wrong opinions
skewed/ biased （这两个词一般在IELTS媒体类话题使用，表示“有偏见的”）
including many things
comprehensive （综合的，全面的）
enough
adequate/ sufficient/ ample/ abundant（注意这四个词的语气是逐渐递增的)
too much
excessive
very little
minimal （注意不是minimum）
cause bad effects
counterproductive （其实地道英文写作里这个词不见得和生产有关，只要阻止人们达到目的，都可以写它counterproductive)
strict
stringent （后面一般跟laws, measures或者rules）
urgent
pressing (problems)
quiet
tranquil and serene （美语中这两个词经常可以连在一起用）
more and more +adj.
Increasingly +adj. 但要注意如果后面不是adj. 而是noun, 那么就可以用an increasing number of （跟可数名词）/ an increasing amount of（跟不可数名词）来代替
mainly
primarily/ principally/ chiefly
In the old days,…
Traditionally,…/ Historically,…
now
≈ currently
Actually,…
≈ Technically,…（严格来说它的意思并不是“事实上”，但在学术写作中它是一个表示“精确地说”非常帮的词语）
very soon
immediately
not often at all
rarely
completely
entirely
do sth. without careful thought
do sth. Impulsively
blindly
indiscriminately（不加选择的）/mechanically（机械的）
only
≈ merely （注意只有a little/ a bit后面跟形容词的时候才可以这样替换）
a little/ a bit
somewhat (注意只有a little/ a bit后面跟形容词的时候才可以这样替换)
mainly
primarily/ principally/ chiefly
