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Spinal Exam 3 > Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology > Flashcards

Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

What amount of flexion-extension is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about twenty-five degrees

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2
Q

What amount of axial rotation is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about three to eight degrees one side axial rotation

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3
Q

what amount of lateral bending is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about five degrees

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4
Q

which motion is best accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

flexion-extension

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5
Q

what is the function of the transverse atlantal ligament?

A

it is the primary stabilizer of the atlanto-axial joint restricting the distance of C2 from the anterior arch of C1.

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6
Q

what movements are facilitated at the median atlanto-axial joint?

A

flextion-extension, totation, and telescoping (superior-inferior gliding)

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7
Q

what is the ADI?

A

the Atlanto-Dental Interspace, a radiographic distance between the surfaces of the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint.

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8
Q

what is the ADI of children compared with that of adults?

A

about 4.5 mm in children; a range of 2-3 mm or about 2.5 mm in adults.

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9
Q

what are the degrees of movement facilitated at the atlanto-axial joint?

A

about 20 degrees flexion-extension, 40 degrees one side axial rotation, and 5 degrees of lateral bending.

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10
Q

the occiput-C1-C2 joint complex accounts for what percent of all cervical axial rotation?

A

about 60%

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11
Q

What is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dens or the apicodental ligament?

A

The notochord

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12
Q

What is the function of the alar ligament?

A

Together they function to resist axial rotation

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13
Q

What forms the cranial continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

The membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane

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14
Q

List, in order, the ligaments in a midsagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint.

A

The membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane
The cruciate ligament
The capsular ligament of the posterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint
The apical ligament of the dens or the apicodental ligament

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15
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of flexion-extension?

A

About 90 degrees or about 18 degrees per couple

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16
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side lateral bending?

A

About 50 degrees or about 10 degrees per couple

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17
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side axial rotation?

A

About 33 degrees or about 6 degrees per couple

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18
Q

What are the locations for costovertebral joints on the vertebra?

A

The costocentral joint at the vertebral body and the costotransverse joint at the transverse process

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19
Q

At what rib will the superior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

The first rib

20
Q

What ligaments will attach to the neck of the twelfth rib?

A

The superior costotransverse ligament from T11 and lumbocostal ligament form L1

21
Q

What are the attachment sites for the inferior costotransverse ligament?

A

The neck fo the rib and the transverse process of the vertebra at that level

22
Q

At what rib will the inferior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

The twelfth rib

23
Q

What is the name of the space between the transverse process and the neck of the rib?

A

The costotransverse foramen

24
Q

Which ligament “fills” the costoransverse foramen?

A

The inferior costotransverse ligament

25
Q

What are the attachment sites for the lateral costotransverse ligament?

A

The non-articular surface of the tubercle of the rib and the transverse tubercle of the transverse process of the vertebra at that level

26
Q

Which vertebra will lack an attachment from the lateral costotransverse ligament?

A

T12

27
Q

Which vertebral couples of the thoracic spine have the greatest motion?

A

T11/T12 and T12/L1

28
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

flexion-extension

29
Q

Which range of motion is least for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

30
Q

Which ligaments replace the intertransverse ligament at the lumbosacral joint?

A

The iliolumbar ligament and lumbosacral ligament

31
Q

What muscle is intimately attached to the superior iliolumbar ligament?

A

Quadratus lumborum

32
Q

Which of the current ligaments from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the iliolumbar ligament of classical descriptions?

A

The superior iliolumbar ligament

33
Q

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex will attach to the sacral ala?

A

The inferior iliolumbar ligament

34
Q

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the lumbosacral ligament of classical descriptions?

A

The inferior iliolumbar ligament

35
Q

What are the attachment sites for the accessory iliolumbar ligament?

A

The transverse process of L4 and the iliac crest

36
Q

Which vertebral couple of the lumbar spine has the greatest range of motion?

A

L5/S1

37
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for all lumbar vertebral couples?

A

flexion - extension

38
Q

Which range of motion is least for the L5/S1 vertebral couple?

A

One side lateral bending

39
Q

List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the anterior boundary of the spinal canal

A

membrana tectoria,
posterior longitudinal ligament,
deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

40
Q

List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the posterior boundary of the spinal canal

A

posterior atlanto-occipital ligament,
posterior atlantal-axial ligament,
liamentun flavum,
superficial posterior sacrococccygeal ligament

41
Q

What is the auricular surface of the ilium composed of?

A

articular cartilage,

interspersed with fibrocartilage

42
Q

What does ankylosis mean?

A

a condition of fibrous adhesion occurs within the joint

43
Q

What is the age and surface bias associated with degenerative arthrosis of the sacro-iliac joint?

A

age 40,

the iliac auricular surface

44
Q

What is the age and gfender bias associated with ankylosis of the sacro-iliac joint?

A

age 50,

males bias - particularly in African Americans

45
Q

What is the relationship between the capsular and interosseous sacroiliac ligaments?

A

interosseous sacro-iliac ligament replaces the capsular ligament posteriorly

46
Q

What passes between the layers of the interosseous sacro-iliac ligament?

A

dorsal rami from sacral spinal nerves

Spinal Exam 3 (19 decks)

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