Abnormal Curvatures Flashcards

1
Q

What is the radiological test for skeletal maturity?

A

The Risser Sign, an indication of bone maturity in the iliac apophysis

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2
Q

What does magnitude of scoliosis refer to?

A

The length and angle of the curve deviation on x-ray

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3
Q

What is often used to measure the magnitude of scoliosis?

A

The Cobb Method

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4
Q

What does location of scoliosis infer?

A

The location on the vertebral segment forming the apex of the curve deviation

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5
Q

What does direction of scoliosis refer to?

A

The side the convexity of the curve will bend toward

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6
Q

What does etiology of scoliosis mean?

A

The cause of the scoliosis

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7
Q

What is structural scoliosis?

A

A more radical form of scoliosis, it may worsen, associated with structural deformities of the vertebra or intervertebral disc, frequently has a fixed angle of trunk rotation

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8
Q

What is nonstructural scoliosis?

A

a mind form of scoliosis, unlikely to worsen, not associated with structural deformities of the vertebra or intervertebral disc and lacks a fixed angle of trunk rotation

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9
Q

What are some of the classifications of scoliosis based on etiology?

A

Congenital, neuromuscular, neurofibromatosis, nerve root irritation, idiopathic

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10
Q

What is the classification of scoliosis that is unique to the individual patient?

A

Idiopathic scoliosis

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11
Q

What does idiopathic scoliosis infer?

A

The scoliosis is unique to the individual, it has no known cause, unknown etiology

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12
Q

What is the incidence of idiopathic scoliosis in the population?

A

1% to 4% of the population

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13
Q

What is the age range for infantile idiopathic scoliosis?

A

From birth to 3 years old

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14
Q

What is the age range for juvenile idiopathic scoliosis?

A

From 3 years old to 10 years old

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15
Q

What is the age range for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

A

Over 10 years old

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16
Q

Identify the curve direction, location, gender bias, and incidence of infantile idiopathic scoliosis.

A

Left thoracic
Male
Less than 1% Incidence

17
Q

Identify the curve direction, location, gender bias, and incidence of juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.

A

Right thoracic
Females over 6 years old
12% - 21% Incidence

18
Q

Identify the curve direction, location, gender bias, and incidence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

A

Right thoracic OR left thoracic and left lumbar
Females
80% Incidence

19
Q

What is the genetic factor associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

A

An autosomal dominant factor that runs in families

20
Q

What is the relationship between curve deviation, incidence, and curve worsening?

A

The greater the deviation, the lower the incidence, and more likely to worsen