Additional review questions Flashcards
True/False: Spiral ganglioin cell peripheral processes synapse with hair cells of the cochlea
True
True/False: A lesion of the optic tract on the left side will produce partial loss of vision in the right eye and complete loss in the left eye
False- partial loss in left eye
True/False: Intrafusal muscle fibers of the muscle spindle fire action potentials upon contraction of the extrafusal skeletal muscle with which they are associated
True
True/False: The myotactic reflex that is triggered by 1a afferents extensor muscles and inhibits flexors
True
Target tissues of the autonomic nervous system typically:
a) include skeletal muscle
b) receive input from only one branch of the autonomic nervous system
c) are excited by parasympathetic input
d) can have receptors for both acetylcholine and norepinephrine
D) can have receptors for both acetylcholine and norepinephrine
Put in correct order from peripheral to central, following the flow of auditory information:
a) lateral lemnsicus
b) auditory cortex
c) cochlear nucleus
d) caudal colliculus
e) medial geniculate nucleus
C-> A-> D-> E-> B
Define “motor unit”
An alpha motoneuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
Which two long motor tracts travel in the dorsolateral white matter of the spinal cord?
corticospinal tract
rubiospinal tract
Trunk motor neurons are found on which aspect of the spinal cord ventral horn, medial or lateral?
medial
For conjugate eye movement, indicate which of the following is involved: Voluntary eye movement (V) Horizontal eye movement in response to head rotation (H) Pursuit eye movement (P) a) Frontal cortex b) Occipital cortex c) PPRF d) Vestibular nucleus
A) V
B) P
C) V, P, H
D) H
Match the tract with it's function: a) voluntary control of proximal limb muscles b) voluntary control of distal limb muscles c) postural stability d) orientation and startle responses Tectospinal\_\_\_ Rubiospinal\_\_\_ Vestibulospinal\_\_\_ Corticospinal\_\_\_
Tectospinal=D
Rubiospinal=A
Vestibulospinal=C
Corticospinal=B
Spinocerebellar input reaches the cerebellum by which cerebellar peduncle; rostral, middle, or caudal?
caudal
Which cortical area integrates information about whole body homeostasis?
a) cingulate complex
b) hippocampus
c) insula
d) postcruciate gyrus
e) precruciate gyrus
C) insula
The mesolimbic dopaminergic system originates in which region?
a) substantia nigra
b) ventral lateral thalamus
c) rostral colliculus
d) ventral striatum
e) ventral tegmental area
E) ventral tegmental area
The orbitofrontal cortex is involved in which function?
a) learning the reward value of stimuli
b) processing high level visual information
c) integrating auditory and tactile information
d) planning complex behavior
e) reproductive behavior
A) learning the reward value of stimuli
Which of the following is an example of behavioral compensation?
a) restoring ability to perform a task in exactly the same manner it was performed prior to injury or disease
b) restoring function in residual neuronal tissue that was initially lost due to injury or disease
c) Ability to perform a task but in a manner different from how it was performed prior to injury or disease
C) Ability to perform a task but in a manner different from how it was performed prior to injury or disease
Define “neuroplasticity” and identify 3 factors that influence it
Any observable change in neuron structure or function
- drugs
- injury
- hormones
True/False: The motor side of the pupillary light reflex is mediated by cranial nerves IV and VI
False: afferent- II, efferent- III
What white matter tract coordinates the actions of motor neurons involved in movement of the eyeball?
tectospinal tract
The optic tract distributes axons to which three brain regions?
pretectal area, rostral colliculus, lateral geniculate nucleus
Which 3 cranial nerves transmit taste information to the rostral solitary nucleus and general visceral information to the caudal solitary nucleus?
facial, hypoglossal, vagus
After crossing to the other side in the medulla, axons carrying fine touch from the leg will terminate in the:
somatosensory cortex
Axons in the left cuneate fasciculus have their cell bodies of origin where? (indicate the side)
left dorsal root ganglion
Damage to the medial lemniscus will result in loss of _____ on the _______ side of the body.
fine touch and proprioception; opposite
Axons mediating pain and temperature from the face enter the brainstem and terminate in the ______ nucleus
IL
Fibers in the ascending pathway from the vestibular nucleus terminate in the nuclei which influence the _____ muscles
extraocular;
CN 3,4,6; sensory =CNS
Which vestibular end organs respond to the following?
a) linear acceleration of the head
b) angular acceleration of the head
a) uttricle/saccule
b) lateral semicircular canal
