ADDICTION Flashcards
Cannabis Use
N in pt who take chemotherapy, increase appetite in AIDS pts
Cannabis- Intoxication
heightened sensation, time moves slower, red eyes, increased appetite, CM, tacky cardia
Cannabis- Withdrawal
1 week after cessation
Sx- restlessness, irritability, insomnia, sweating, fever, chills, HA, abdominal pain
Hallucinogen- Intoxication
paranoia, impaired judgment, hallucination
Physical- dilate pupil, tachycardia, sweating, tremors, palpations
Hallucinogen- Tx
talking person down
Antipsychotics- haloperidol
benzo- diazapam
Phencyclidine- Intoxication
MEDICAL EMERGENCY
assertive, belligerent, unpredictable
Physical- nystagmus, HTN, tachycardia, ataxia, muscle fidgety, seizure, coma
Phencyclidine- Tx
CANNOT be talked down
benzo
Hallucinogen- Withdrawal
no official withdrawal
Ihalent- Intoxication
small dose- euphoria
large dose- hallucination illusion, distorted body image
physical- N, anorexia, nystagmus, diplopia
Inhalent- Tx
self-limiting
haloperidol- manage agitation
opioid- Intoxication
psychomotor retardation, drowsy, RR depression, slurred speech
physical- pinpoint pupils, decreased bowel sounds, reduced RR & BP
Opioid- Overdose
death- RR arrest
sx- unresponsive, slow respiration, hypothermia, TN, bradycardia
3 signs- coma, pinpoint pupil, RR depression
Opioid- Overdose Tx
Naloxone- Narcan
Opioid- Withdrawal
N. V, D, sweating fever, insomnia, watery eyes, runny nose, pupillary dilation
males- spontaneous ejaculation
Opioid- Withdrawal Tx
Methadone- decrease painful sx–> block euphoric effects of opioids
Clonidine- reduce sx of opioid withdrawal–> eases sweating, hot flashes, restlessness
Buprenorphine- help reduce or quit opioid
Opioid- Maintenance
Buprenorphine, naloxone, methadone- reduce cravings
Naltrexone- prevents intoxication
Buprenorphine
produces effects such as euphoria
used only after abstaining from opioids 12-24 hours
Naltrexone
prevents intoxication, prevents the activation of opioid receptors and prevents reward feeling
Sedative, Hypnotic, & Anxiety Use Disorders- Intoxication
slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, nystagmus
Sedative, Hypnotic, & Anxiety Use Disorders- Overdose Tx
gastric lavage, activated charcoal
keep awake to prevent loss of unconsciousness
Sedative, Hypnotic, & Anxiety Use Disorders- Withdrawal
rebound hyperactivity
sx- hyperactivity, tremors, insomnia, agitation, anxiety
Sedative, Hypnotic, & Anxiety Use Disorders- Withdrawal Tx
gradual reduction of benzodiazepines
Stimulant Disorder- Intoxication
euphoric, sociable, sensitive, tense, angry
physical- chest pain, high/low BP, tachycardia/bradycardia, respiratory depression, chills, dilated pupils, sweating, N, V, agitation
Stimulant Disorder- Withdrawal
tiredness, vivid nightmares, increased appetite , insomnia
Stimulant Disorder- Tx
antipsychotics
no psychosis- diazepam
depression
Tobacco- Withdrawal
irritability, anxiety, depression, restlessness, insomnia
Tobacco- Withdrawal Tx
Bupropion- reduce the craving withdrawal sx
Varenicline- mimics the effects of nicotine, reducing cravings
Alcohol- Disulfiram
blocks ETOH pathway, prevent from breaking down
maintenance, relapse
avoid ALL alcohol
Disulfiram SE when alcohol is used
N, V, sweating, flushed skin
Alcohol- Naltrexone
takes place of the “reward” receptor but doesn’t activate it
Naltrexone use
alcohol withdrawal and relapse prevention, decrease pleasure and craving
