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Question 1

transcription factor

Answer 1

is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences to regulate gene expression by promoting or inhibiting transcription.

Question 2

Crossing over

Answer 2

is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis, leading to genetic variation in gametes.

Question 3

Recombination

Answer 3

is the process by which genetic material is rearranged to create new combinations of alleles, occurring through mechanisms like crossing over during meiosis or DNA repair.

Question 4

Alleles

Answer 4

are different versions of the same gene that occupy the same position (locus) on homologous chromosomes and can result in variations in a trait.

Question 5

A chromosome

Answer 5

is a thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information in the form of genes.

Question 6

Gap genes

Answer 6

are a class of zygotic genes in early embryonic development that define broad regions along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo, forming the first step in segmental patterning.

Question 7

Complementary analysis

Answer 7

is a method in genetics used to determine whether mutations in different organisms or strains affect the same gene or different genes, often by crossing individuals with different mutations and analyzing the resulting phenotype.