Adaptive immunity Flashcards
Day 0 of viral response
Infection and viral genome enters host cell nucleus
Dendritic cell and macro enguf influenza tissue and TLR signlaing makes them activated so expressing more MHCII and B4and produce cytokine IL-1, IL-6, TNF-A, IFN-G, IL-12 and infected cells produce IFNa and IFNb
Complement pathway starts—Alternative pathway
Day 1 of viral response
viral gene transcription and translation
Neutrophils home to infected tissues: follow C3a, C5a, IL-8(use GPCRs)
DC migrate to lymph nodes and present antigen to naive T cells (MHC and B7 with TCR and CD28)
Day 2 of viral response
viral particles formed and shed
Natural killer cells infect tissues (actuvated by macro produced IL-12 AND TNF-a), NK cell deficinecy result in persistent viral infection
NK cells kill cells that are infected
Lectin binding pathway starts
Day 3 of viral response
Innate immune peaks at day 3
Day 4 of viral response
Upregulate IL-2Ra an IL-2–> T cell proliferation
What cytokines result in fever
IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-A–> PGE2
Day 5 of viral response
cytokines in microenvironment promote CD4 T cell differentiation
TH1 cell
IFNg and IL-12 generate it and they produce IFNg
TH2 cell
IL-4 generated and produce IL-4
Steps to T cell development
In Thymus: epithelial (positive selection), dendrictic cells (negative selection) and macrophage clear the dead cells that occur
IL-7 receptor importance
commit to T cell in thymus and B cell in bone marrow–if mut–SCID
Importance of RAG1 and RAG 2 gene
T cell and B cell receptor recombination and rearrangement–if mut. SCID
Day 6 of viral response
T cell activate B cell and migrate to site of infection
How do T cell activate B cell?
CD40L (if mut–Hyper Ign Syndrome) and TCR with MHCII in b cell–Il 4
How is B cell activated?
Need antigen to find to BCR and then B cell finds to CD40L from T cell –B cell diff and divide
How is TH1 cell doing things?
activate macro by CD40L and iFNg
Day 7 of viral response
B cell and plasma migrate to site of infection (swallen lymph nodes)
How do antibodies work?
neutralizaton sp prevent infection or opsonization
Where is IgA found? importance?
mucosal membrane and brest milk
Which Ig travels through placenta?
IgG
Day 7-10 of viral response
C1 initiates complement by binding to C-reactive protein or IgM or IgG–so either opsonin or MAC
NK cell can also recognize target cell by
Fc on antibody found to surface
Day 8-12 of viral response
Viral infection is eliminated
Day 12-15 of viral response
inflammation subsides
Day 12-15 of viral response
inflammation subsides
CTLA-4 on T cell stop T cell
antiinflam IL-10 and TGF-b suppress inflammatory cells
Day 15-25
memory B and T cell develops
