Adaptive Immunity Flashcards
Which type of antigens do B cells recognise?
Antigens circulating in blood
Which type of antigens do T helper cells recognise?
Class 2 antigens presented on macrophages
Which type of antigens do T cytotoxic cells recognise?
Class 1- antigens presented on any infected cell
What is the difference between TH1 and TH2 cells?
TH1 stimulate cell mediated immunity and TH2 stimulate growth of specific plasma cells and antibody secretion (humoral immunity)
Which type of cells secrete antibodies?
B cells
Which region on an antibody recognises the antigen?
The N terminal
What are the functions of antibodies?
Opsonisation of antigens (marking them with a code), neutralisation of cytotoxic compounds produced by microorganisms, stimulate killer cells to destroy antigen bound to antibody
Where are dendritic cells located?
Lymphnodes, thymus and spleen
What is the mechanism of action of dendritic cells?
They capture antigens and bring them to the lymphoid organs where an immune response is initiated, T cells travel to the lymphoid and detect dendritic cells carrying antigens. They bind to the antigen and initiate the appropriate immune response
Define humoral immunity
Block infections and eliminates extra cellular microbes
What is cell mediated immunity?
Activates macrophages to kill phagocytosed microbes and infected cells and eliminates the reservoir of infection
What is a vaccine?
A suspension of dead, attenuated or modified microorganisms for inoculation to produce immunity to a disease by stimulating the immune response
Define vaccine immunogenicity
The ability of a vaccine to induce antibodies
How is a vaccine response determined?
By the antigen dose, interval between doses, genetic determinants and age at immunisation
