adaptive immunity Flashcards
3 general characteristics of an adaptive immune response
it takes time to generate, it is highly specific, and it has memory. (unlike the innate response)
where does BCR rearrangement occur
in the bone marrow
what secretes antibody
plasma cells
what are epitopes
the antigenic determinants. the small parts of molecules that antibodies interact with.
what are linear epitopes
where the epitope interacted with is a sequence of consecutive amino acids.
epitopes other than linear ones?
conformational epitopes. the epitope interacted with when a protein enters its native 3D structure.
what does the variable region of the AB do
interacts with the antigen
what does the constant region of the AB do?
recruits effector funcitons. eg via FcR on macro, neutro, baso and mast cells. or with complement.
what’s the primary response in the infection
the first encounter with an antigen generates the primary response.
difference with an immunological secondar response vs primary response
its more rapid and generates more antibody
3 MOA of antibodies
1 - neutralisation - block biological activity
2 - opsonisation - FcRs for phagocytosis
3 - complement activation - can cause lysis or opsonisation
where do T cells arise
they arise in the bone marrow but mature in the thymus - where the TCR genes rearrange
what does the TCR recognise
only degraded protein fragments when complexed with MHC. antigen processing generates the peptides for display on the antigen presenting cells
origin of peptides for MHC class1
the cytosol
cytotoxic T cells?
important for killing virally infected or tumour cells.
- MHC class 1 restricted
- CD8 coreceptor
