Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathobiology > Adaptive Immunity > Flashcards

Adaptive Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of adaptive immunity?

A

Specifity, memory and tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Major players in adaptive immunity

A
  • Lymphoid tissue
  • Antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
  • Follicular dendritic cells
  • T lymphocytes
  • B lymphocytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do APCs do?

A

These cells display fragments of invading pathogens on their surface to other immune system cells, especially T lymphocytes
- fixed and free macrophages e.g. Kupffer cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are Kupffer cells an example of?

A

An APC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What proteins are used in antigen presentation?

A

Major histocompatibility complex proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are MHCs?

A

Major histocompatibility complex proteins are glycoproteins present on the cell surface and bind antigens and ‘present’ them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Two types of MHCs

A

MHC I and MHC II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MHC I

A
  • Found in all nucleated cells
  • Constitutive
  • Activates cytotoxic T cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What actives cytotoxic T cells?

A

MHC I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

MHC II

A
  • Found in APCs
  • Activates helper T cells
  • Inducible in many cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What activates helper T cells

A

MHC II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does it mean when a T cell is naïve?

A

The T cell hasn’t met its pathogen it’s suited for yet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do T helper cells activate/form?

A

Cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Proteins associated with cytotoxic T cells

A

Perforin

Lymphotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do cytotoxic T cells cause?

A

Apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does perforin do?

A

Knock holes in cell membrane. Associated with cytotoxic T cells

17
Q

What is lymphotoxin?

A

A tumour necrosis factor

18
Q

Do memory T cells from reserves?

A

Yes

19
Q

How do T cells, B cells and APCs travel?

A

Through lymphoid tissue

20
Q

When would T cells, B cells and APCs leave lymphoid tissue?

A

On antigen presentation as they are attract by chemokines

21
Q

How many types of immunoglobulin are there?

A

5

22
Q

What are the types of immunoglobulin?

A
  • IgG
  • IgA
  • IgM
  • IgE
  • IgD
23
Q

Which immunoglobulin is the most common in the body?

A

IgA because it is secreted by mucous membranes

24
Q

Which immunoglobulin is the most common in blood?

A

IgG

25
Q

What is clonal expansion?

A

The production of daughter cells which originally arise from the same single cell

26
Q

Clonal expansion for antigens

A

stem cell –> pre B cell –> immature naïve B cell –> mature naïve B cell –> memory B cell and plasma B cell –> produce antigens

27
Q

Antibody-mediated death

A

Immunoglobulins bind to surface –> activate complement

28
Q

What is myasthenia gravis?

A

Disorder which causes muscle weakness which comes and goes. Often affects the face

Pathobiology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions