Adapted B9 Flashcards
What type of reaction is respiration
Exothermic reaction
What does the energy transferred from respiration do
The energy transferred supplies all the energy needed for living processes
How can respiration is cells take place
Respiration in cells can take place aerobically (using oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen), to transfer energy
How is aerobic respiration different from anaerobic respiration
Aerobic:
Needs oxygen
Produces water and carbon dioxide
More ATP energy released
Anearobic
Does not need oxygen
Produces only lactic acid
Less ATP energy released
What do organisms need energy for
- chemical reactions to build larger molecules
- movement
- keeping warm
What is the word and symbol equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H2O.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration
glucose = lactic acid
Why does energy released from anaerobic respiration different from aerobic respiration
As the oxidation of glucose is incomplete in anaerobic respiration much less energy is transferred than in aerobic respiration.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells
glucose = ethanol + carbondioxide
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called and why is it important
Called fermentation
Has economic importance in the manufacture of bread and alcoholic drinks
What is metabolism
Metabolism is the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body.
What is the energy transferred by respiration used for in terms of metabolism
The energy transferred by respiration in cells is used by the organism for the continual enzyme controlled processes of metabolism that synthesise new molecules
What are examples of the larger products made in metabolism
- Glucose molecules are joined together to makem starch, glycogen and cellulose
- Lipid molecules are made from one molecule of glycerol and 3 fatty acids
- Glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids which are then made into proteins
What are examples of larger molecules that are broken down in metabolism
- Glucose is broken down in respiration
* Excess protein is broken down to form urea which is excreted in the urine
