Adaptation Flashcards
This are reversible changes in the number, size, phenotype, metabolic activity or functions of cells
Adaptations
A type of adaptation that usually represents responses of cells to normal stimulation hormones
Physiologic adaptation
Type of adaptations that responses to stress that allow cell to modulate
Pathologic
Increase in cell size, incapable of dividing
Hypertrophy
Increase in cell number,capable of replication
Hyperplasia
Types of hyperplasia that exemplified by the proliferation of the glandular epithelium
Hormonal hyperplasia
Type of hyperplasia that occurs when a portion of the tissue is removed
Compensatory
Absence of cell, shrinking of cell
Atrophy
Results from decreased protein synthesis
Atrophy
Self- eating
Autophagy
A reversible change in which one adult cell type is replaced
Metaplasia
Also known as atypical hyperplasia, abnormal growth and differentiation
Dysplasia
Also known an undifferentiated, irreversible
Anaplasia
Cells may accumulate abnormal amounts of substances
Intracellular accumulation
Abnormal accumulation of triglycerides
Steatosis (fatty change)
Accumulation of cholesterol with macrophage
Xanthomas
Cause by renal disease, plasma cell actively secreting
Protein
Readily available energy source stored in healthy cells
Glycogen
Usually refers to an alteration within cells, pink appearance in routine histologic sections
Hyaline change
Colored substances
Pigments
Most common exogenous pigment
Carbon
A type of endogenous pigment which is a where and tear pigment (brownish yellow)
Lipofuscin
An endogenous brown-black pigment produced in melanocytes
Melanin
A type of endogenous pigment that is a hemoglobin derived granular pigment (golden yellow)
Hemosiderin
Implies the abnormal deposition of calcium, salts together with smaller amounts of iron, magnesium, and other minerals
Pathologic calcification
Absence of calcium
Dystrophic calcification
Deposition of calcium salts in normal tissues
Metastatic calcification
