Acylation

Question 1

4 nucleophiles that react with acid derivates

Answer 1

Primary amine
Ammonia
Alcohol
Water

Question 2

What are the uses of acylation

Answer 2

• Cheaper
• Less corrosive
• Does not react w/ water as readily
• Safer as byproduct is Ethanoic acid not hcl

Question 3

What affects the readiness of acylation

Answer 3

• magnitude of +charge on carbonyl carbon (depends on electron releasing/attracting power of the halogen group
• How easily the halogen is lost
• Strength of nucleophile

Question 4

Why are acid chlorides more powerful than acid anhydrides

Answer 4

Cl has a greater charge and attracts more electrons density

Question 5

What does the primary amine nucelophile produce

Answer 5

Amide

Question 6

What does the ammonia nucleophile produce

Answer 6

N-substituted amide

Question 7

What does the alcohol nucleophile produce

Answer 7

Ester

Question 8

What does the water nucleophile produce

Answer 8

Carboxylic acid

Question 9

Acylation

Answer 9

Process by which the acyl group is introduced into another molecule

Question 10

Acid derivative

Answer 10

Contain acyl group as part of their structure

Question 11

What’s an advantage of using propanoyl chloride over propanoic acid when preparing methyl propanoate from methanol?

Answer 11

Faster
Not reversible
Bigger yield
Purer product
No acid catalyst required

Question 12

What’s an advantage of using propanoic anhydride instead of propanoyl chloride in the manufacture of methyl propanoate from methanol?

Answer 12

Anhydride less easily hydrolysed

Reaction is less exothermic