Acutely Ill child

Question 1

what do kids <1 mostly die of?

Answer 1

perinatal conditions and congenital conditions

Question 2

what do teenagers (15-19) mostly die of?

Answer 2

external factors eg RTA
risky behavior eg suicide and drugs

Question 3

in children, what usually precedes a cardiac arrest?

Answer 3

respiratory failure and respiratory arrest

Question 4

what is the septic six?

Answer 4

give high flow O2
obtain IV access and take bloods
give IV or IO ABx
If shocked
- consider fluid resuscitation
- consider inotropic support early
- involve senior clinicians/specialists early

Question 5

what is the criteria for a sepsis diagnosis?

Answer 5

core temp <36 or>38 (in last 4 hours)
inappropriate tachycardia
altered mental state
reduced peripheral perfusion

Question 6

how is breathing assessed?

Answer 6

EFFORT
Rate
Recession
Accessory muscle use
Grunting
Nasal flaring

EFFICACY OF BREATHING
Expansion
Additional noises
- Inspiratory stridor
- Expiratory wheeze

Question 7

what does hypotension indicate?

Answer 7

Is a preterminal sign
NOT GOOD

Question 8

how is shock treated?

Answer 8

fluids
20mls/kg of 0.9% saline

may need further intervention eg inotropes