Acute Responses To Endurance Exercise Flashcards
What acute respiratory changes occur in response to endurance exercise?
Increased ventilation and diffusion
What acute cardiovascular changes occur in response to endurance exercise?
Oxygen consumption increases, a-vO2 diff increases, HR increases and therefore CO, Greater venous return, Redistribution of blood flow - more to muscles
What acute muscular changes occur in response to endurance exercise?
Temp increases,
Increased motor unit recruitment,
Energy substrate depending on intensity,
Changes in lactate
What acute changes occur to the blood in response to endurance exercise?
Plasma volume decreases,
Changes to haematocrit and Hb - burst RBC’s during exercise
What happens if you lose 2% of body weight in fluid as a exult of heat dissipation?
An impaired thermoregulatory ability - you stop sweating to preserve body fluid
Briefly describe the process of EIMD
Exercise-> mechanic tension or metabolic perturbations (high temp, low pH, free rads) -> loss of Ca2+ homeostasis -> autogenic process
What are the main first responders to a site of infection?
Neutrophils
What’s the normal range of neutrophils?
2.5-7.5 x10^9 /L
Explain the J-shaped model
This shows your risk of infection depending on your physical activity level.
Sedentary people are at risk, then moderate intensity/vol exercise reduces people’s risk and very high intensity/vol exercise increases your risk of infection.
Thus why post marathon/endurance events see a large increase in WBC count and neutrophils.
What affect does prolonged bouts of strenuous exercise have on the immune system?
The immune system becomes temporarily depressed (3-24h),
Neutrophil respiratory burst due to increase in damaging reactive oxygen species,
Lymphocyte proliferation,
Monocytes antigen presentation.
Name some peripheral markers of inflammation
CRP, IL-6, TNF
Which inflammatory marker sees the fastest response?
IL-6
Which inflammatory markers would you expect to see a peak increase 24h post exercise?
CRP and TNF
