Acute Renal Failure/Acute Kidney Injury

Question 1

cause of pre-renal failure

Answer 1

fluid volume defecit

Question 2

cause of intra-renal failure

Answer 2

crush injuries/intense physical activity
nephrotoxic drugs
blood transfusion

Question 3

rhabdomyolysis can be caused by what

Answer 3

intense physical activity

Question 4

vancomycin, gentamicin, rifampin, sulfa based drugs, NSAIDS, ACE inhibitors all examples of what

Answer 4

nephrotoxic drugs

Question 5

cause of post-renal failure

Answer 5

renal obstructions

Question 6

what type of renal failure causes damage inside the kidney

Answer 6

intra-renal failure

Question 7

phase 1 of ARF

Answer 7

no sxs

Question 8

phase 2 of ARF

Answer 8

decreased renal fxn with or without decreased urinary output–overloaded with fluid

Question 9

phase 3 of ARF

Answer 9

diuresis

Question 10

phase 4 of ARF

Answer 10

recovery

Question 11

phase 2 of ARF is AKA

Answer 11

overload state

Question 12

start of phase 1 is from what to what

Answer 12

start of initial factors (risk factors) to the onset of GU sxs

Question 13

in what phase may you see Kussmaul’s

Answer 13

phase 2

Question 14

phosphorus and ____ have an inverse relationship

Answer 14

calcium

Question 15

goal in phase 1

Answer 15

prevent further issues

Question 16

goal in phase 2

Answer 16

control fluid-pt is overloaded

Question 17

how to reduce metabolic rate in phase 2

Answer 17

bedrest

Question 18

large amts of urine lead to a ____ specific gravity

Answer 18

decreased

Question 19

what must you check before giving lasix

Answer 19

BUN

Question 20

2 meds given for hyperkalemia

Answer 20

kayexalate & D50/insulin (pushes K out of cell so it can’t be used)

Question 21

role of phosphate binders

Answer 21

make sure phosphate isn’t absorbed just passed thru stool

Question 22

what can you give with K that helps it work better

Answer 22

magnesium

Question 23

look dehydrated in this phase

Answer 23

phase 3

Question 24

what does dopamine do in renal patients with decreased BP and renal perfusion

Answer 24

dilates renal vessels and increases blood flow to kidneys–constricts periphery leading to an increased BP

Question 25

in order to get hemodialysis or continuous venovenous hemofiltration your GFR must be below what

Answer 25

15