acute phase response

Question 1

What is the acute phase response?

Answer 1

A rapid inflammatory response to injury or infection characterized by changes in plasma protein levels, immune cell activity, and metabolic alterations.

Question 2

True or False: The acute phase response is always harmful to the body.

Answer 2

False: The acute phase response is a protective mechanism that helps the body to heal.

Question 3

Name one key protein that increases during the acute phase response.

Answer 3

C-reactive protein (CRP)

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The acute phase response is primarily mediated by __________.

Answer 4

cytokines

Question 5

What role do cytokines play in the acute phase response?

Answer 5

Cytokines are signaling proteins that mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis.

Question 6

Which organ is primarily responsible for producing acute phase proteins?

Answer 6

The liver

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an acute phase protein? A) Fibrinogen B) Albumin C) Serum amyloid A D) C-reactive protein

Answer 7

B) Albumin

Question 8

What is the function of fibrinogen in the acute phase response?

Answer 8

Fibrinogen aids in blood clotting and is involved in the inflammatory response.

Question 9

True or False: The acute phase response can be measured by testing levels of specific proteins in the blood.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is the typical time frame for the acute phase response to occur after an injury?

Answer 10

Within hours to a few days.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The acute phase response is often associated with __________ symptoms.

Answer 11

systemic

Question 12

What is one potential complication of an exaggerated acute phase response?

Answer 12

Chronic inflammation or tissue damage.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which cytokine is primarily responsible for initiating the acute phase response? A) IL-1 B) IL-6 C) TNF-alpha D) All of the above

Answer 13

D) All of the above

Question 14

What is the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the acute phase response?

Answer 14

IL-6 stimulates the liver to produce acute phase proteins.

Question 15

True or False: The acute phase response is only activated in response to infections.

Answer 15

False: It can also be activated by tissue injury, trauma, or stress.

Question 16

What is the significance of serum amyloid A in the acute phase response?

Answer 16

Serum amyloid A is involved in the recruitment of immune cells to sites of inflammation.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The acute phase response can lead to __________ in the body temperature.

Answer 17

fever

Question 18

What are neutrophils, and what is their role in the acute phase response?

Answer 18

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that responds quickly to sites of infection or injury.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common clinical marker for the acute phase response? A) Blood glucose B) C-reactive protein C) Hemoglobin D) Cholesterol

Answer 19

B) C-reactive protein

Question 20

How does the acute phase response affect metabolism?

Answer 20

It leads to increased catabolism of proteins and lipids to provide energy for immune responses.

Question 21

True or False: The acute phase response can be beneficial in chronic diseases.

Answer 21

False: It can exacerbate chronic diseases.

Question 22

What is the relationship between the acute phase response and autoimmune diseases?

Answer 22

The acute phase response may be dysregulated in autoimmune diseases, contributing to inflammation.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The acute phase response is part of the __________ immune system.

Answer 23

innate

Question 24

What does the term ‘acute phase proteins’ refer to?

Answer 24

Proteins whose levels change significantly in response to inflammation.

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a clinical application of measuring acute phase proteins? A) Diagnosing infections B) Monitoring disease activity C) Evaluating treatment responses D) All of the above

Answer 25

D) All of the above

Question 26

What is the effect of the acute phase response on appetite?

Answer 26

It often leads to decreased appetite.