Acute Pericarditis

Question 1

Inflammation of pericardial sac (pericardium)

Answer 1

Acute Pericarditis

Question 2

Common causes of Acute pericarditis

Answer 2

Infectious agents (coxsackie B virus)

Question 3

Clinical manifestations

Answer 3

i. Sharp; piercing chest p! over center or L side of chest
1. Chest p! is similar to MI
ii. Chest p! increases when taking a deep breath
iii. SOB when reclining
iv. Heart palpitations

Question 4

Complications

Answer 4

Pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, chronic constrictive pericarditis

Question 5

Assess

Answer 5

Dyspneic
Pericardial friction rub
Assess EKG (ST elevation)

Question 6

Diagnosis

Answer 6

Echo
CT
MRI

Question 7

Treatment

Answer 7

Antibiotics
NSAIDs
Steroids
Pericardial entasis

Question 8

a. Inflammation of myocardium (middle layer)

b. Heart muscles start to stretch; so heart cannot pump

Answer 8

Myocarditis

Question 9

Causes of myocarditis

Answer 9

infectious agents (coxsackie A and B viruses most common); radiation therapy, chemical, drugs, autoimmune disorders

Question 10

Symptoms don’t begin until about (myocarditis)

Answer 10

i. Tachycardia
ii. Murmur
iii. Increased RR
iv. Chest p!; fever

Question 11

Scarring and deformity of heart valves, resulting from rheumatic fever

Answer 11

Rheumatic Heart Disease (ALL layers of the heart)

Question 12

complication of Strep A pharyngitis, affects heart, also skin, joints, and CNS

Answer 12

Rheumatic fever

Question 13

Clinical manifestations Rheumatic ♡ Disease

Answer 13

Carditis: murmur; cardiomegaly; pericarditis

Monoarthritis
Sydenham chorea
Erythema marginatum lesions
Subcutaneous nodules

Question 14

Treatment of Rheumatic ♡ disease

Answer 14

Drug therapy-antibiotic
NSAIDs
Bed rest
Good nutrition

Question 15

a. Lead to cardiomegaly and heart failure
b. Disease of heart muscle; not able to pump blood well enough throughout body
c. primary reason for heart transplant

Answer 15

Cardiomyopathy (CMP)

Question 16

a. Most common type—stretching of heart muscle
b. Cause heart failure, more often in middle aged African American men
d. Often follow infectious myocarditis

Answer 16

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Question 17

Dilated Cardiomyopathy intervention

Answer 17

Rest

IV fluids

Question 18

Dilated Cardiomyopathy s/s

Answer 18

EXTREME fatigue
SOB
Dyspnea @ rest
Dry cough; fluid build up; dysrythmias; crackles (future problems)

Question 19

a. without ventricular dilation

b. Symmetric left ventricular hypertrophy (thickening) occurs occur less common than dilated CMP

Answer 19

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Question 20

a. least common type
b. myocardium diseased and impaired diastolic filling and stretch
c. Secondary from chest radiation from cancer

Answer 20

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy