Acute Pancreatitis (1)

Question 1

What is amylase and what is its function?

Answer 1

• Amylase is a group of proteins found in saliva and pancreatic juice.
• Convert starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules (oligosaccharides and disaccharides).

Question 2

What is CRP and from where it is produced?

Answer 2

• C-reactive protein (CRP) is a substance produced by the liver early in response to inflammation (acute phase reactant).
• It is not very specific and isn’t unique to one disease.
• It can help to monitor disease progress and flares.

Question 3

What are the most important blood test to do in acute pancreatitis?

Answer 3

• FBC.
• Enzymes
  
  • Serum amylase.
  • Serum lipase (preferred over the amylase due to higher sensitivity).
  • LDH.
• Urea & Electrolytes.
  
  • Ca+2.
• LFTs
  
  • Albumin.
• CRP.
• ABG.

Question 4

The patient having a compression over the stomach, what is that?

Answer 4

Pseudocyst

Question 5

What non-bacterial organism can cause infection in this patient?

Answer 5

• Viruses (e.g. Mumps, Coxsackie B, and hepatitis).
• Parasites (e.g. ascaris lumbricoides, fasciola hepatica, and hydatid disease).

Question 6

Confirmed Pseudocyst, Patient’s hemoglobin is dropped, why?

Answer 6

• Rupture of splenic artery (GDA, PDA) pseudoaneurysm.
• Hemorrhage.

Question 7

What non-surgical option to stop bleeding?

Answer 7

Interventional radiology.

Question 8

How does it work?

Answer 8

• Using real-time imaging, the radiologists guides a catheter through the artery.
• Then releases clotting agents (coils, particles, gel, or foam) into the blood vessel slowing the blood flow and causing an internal injury to activate the coagulation cascade.

Question 9

• Which part of coagulation will be activated?

Answer 9

Intrinsic pathway

Question 10

What factors involved in intrinsic pathway?

Answer 10

(Factors XII, XI, IX, X)

Question 11

Describe The coagulation pathway

Answer 11