Acute Paeds Flashcards
What % of paediatric arrests are respiratory in nature?
85%
Give causes of respiratory arrest in children.
Asthma, choking, seizures, raised ICP
Give causes of cardiac arrest in children.
Shock, blood loss, sepsis, arhythmia
Is BP a good measure of acute sickness in children?
No - need to lose around 25% of circulating volume before BP affected
What is the Paediatric BLS algorithm?
5 rescue breaths then alternating 15:2 compressions: rescue breaths
What is the ideal airway position in children?
Neutral
Give signs of sepsis in children.
Hypo/hyperthermic
Inappropriate tachycardia
Altered mental state
Increased cap refill/cool peripheries
The non-blanching rash in sepsis represents…
Meningococcaemia
How should a sick child be assessed?
3-minute toolkit - head-to-toe assessment
How does RR vary by age?
Decreases as children age
What is the target O2 sats in children?
> 96%
Wet crepitations in children suggests…
Bronchiolitis
Should BP be taken in all paediatric patients?
Only necessary in drowsy/v unwell children
When may sluggish pupils occur in children?
Post-seizure
What can you try if a child is drowsy?
Give paracetamol to see if it persists - if it does, this is worrying
Which elements are important when assessing the sick child, other than ABCDE?
ENT, Temp, Tummy & Glucose
Where should temperature be taken in children?
Axilla
Within the tummy assessment, what else should you look for?
Testes in boys and masses in the groin
When may a glucose reading be needed in children?
Reduced GCS/drowsy
What is the normal blood glucose range in children?
3-5 mmol/L
What is the recommended fluid resuscitation in children?
20mls/kg
What is the treatment for children with ITP and no bleeding?
None
Which organism causes croup?
Parainfluenza virus
Which organism causes acute epiglottitis?
Haemophilus influenzae B
Cyanosis or collapse in first month of life, hypercyanotic spells. Ejection systolic murmur at left sternal edge suggests…
Tetralogy of Fallot
What is the treatment for Kawasaki disease in children?
High-dose Aspirin
How should inguinal hernias be managed in newborn children?
Referred to surgeons immediately (due to risk of strangulation)
