acute myeloid leukaemia Flashcards
what is acute myeloid leukaemia
a cancer of the white blood cells, specifically monocytes and granulocytes. These are types of phagocyte that differentiate from myeloid stem cells, unlike lymphocytes that differentiate from lymphoid stem cells.
it progresses quickly and requires immediate treatment
case/risk factors of acute myeloid leukaemia
the cause of the mutation that triggers AML is not known but there are several risk factors:
-exposure to benzene, found in petrol and used in the rubber industry. also found in fag smoke.
- genetic disorders such as down syndrome
- treatment with radiotherapy or some types of chemotherapy can increase the risk
treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia
chemotherapy is the main symptom. This kills as many leukaemia cells as possible, which reduces the risk of relapse.
in some cases chemotherapy and radiotherapy are used together. this destroys the immune system ad so a bone marrow or stem cell transplant will be needed.
