acute bronchitis

Question 1

acute bronchitis

Answer 1

sudden infl of tracheobronchial tree
usually by inf
can be:
acute infective: upper tract 
acute irritative : triggered by allergens and irritants

Question 2

causes of acute bronchitis

Answer 2

viral inf from: influenza A B
rhinovirus
parainfluenza
corona virus

viral infection may lead to bacterial: mycoplasma pneumoniale
chlamydia pneumonia
whooping cough
other cuases: pollutants chemical irritants fumes or dusts

Question 3

pathogenesis of acute bronchitis

Answer 3

infection causes infl mucous membrane and produce thick sticky mucus
overproduction of mucus decrease function of cilia
accumulation of mucus plus infl causes narrowing of airways restrict respiration and promote bacterial infection

Question 4

complaints of acute bronchitis

Answer 4

cough- steady and then gets worse, start dry and then sputum (thin white clear in viral, thick puss filled yellow due to bacterial)
rattle sensation in chest
malaise 
slight fever (37-38)
sore throat
poor sleep

Question 5

examination of patient with acute bronchitis

Answer 5

general inspection = normal
palpation and percussion = normal
auscultation= harsh breathing, diffuse high pitched wheezes/ rhonchi

Question 6

investigations

Answer 6

blood test: moderate leucocytosis and increased ESR
sputum: viral-mucous
bacterial- yellow mucopurulent
lots of leucocytes ciliary epithelium and sometimes erythrocytes

Question 7

treatment

Answer 7

most cases it goes away on its own

to alleviate symptoms: analgesics antipyretics, antitussives and expectorants