Acute and Chronic Inflamation

Question 1

cells in acute inflamation

Answer 1

neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils

Question 2

cells in chronic inflamation

Answer 2

monocytes, lymphocyes, plasma cells

Question 3

cardinal signs

Answer 3

rubor, tumor, dolor, calor, functio laesa

Question 4

acute inflammation major steps

Answer 4

recognition of injury, change in vascular flow/permeability, leukocyte extraversion

Question 5

what is involved in injury recognition

Answer 5

TLR on dendritic cells> TNF/IL1 and histamine (mast cells) > vasodilation/increased permeability

Question 6

injury recognition, slow vs fast

Answer 6

TNF/IL1 vs histamine

Question 7

change in vascular flow

Answer 7

brief constriction, arteriolar vasodilation, erythema and warmth.

Question 8

why increased permeability

Answer 8

increased RBC concentration increases viscosity, decreases flow

Question 9

transudate

Answer 9

hydrodynamic, leaky fluid, low cell/protien

Question 10

exudate

Answer 10

inflammation> leaky fluid, high cell/protien levels. specific gravity greater than 1.015

Question 11

leukocyte extraversion steps

Answer 11

margination, rolling/selectin, integrin/adhesion/transmigration

Question 12

margination

Answer 12

leukocytes accumulate along vascular endothelium

Question 13

rolling/selectin

Answer 13

TNF/IL1 increase selectin

Question 14

adhesion/integrins

Answer 14

TNF/ILI increases Vcam and Icam, increase high affinity in integral on leukocyte

Question 15

transmigration

Answer 15

leucocytes have PECAM1, piece BM and enter extravascular tissue

Question 16

chemotaxis

Answer 16

leukocytes move towards bacteria, chemokine, complement, where neutrophils phagocytosis

Question 17

resolution components (3)

Answer 17

mediators, systemic change, outcome

Question 18

mediators

Answer 18

vasoactive, initiate/regulate, lots

Question 19

systemic change

Answer 19

fever, leukocytosis, acute phase reactants, sepsis…

Question 20

fever

Answer 20

IL1, TNF (Macrophage)

Question 21

leukocytosis

Answer 21

Il1, TNFa (macrophages)

Question 22

acute phase reactants

Answer 22

Il6 (made by Mphage)

Question 23

outcomes for acute include

Answer 23

resolution, chronic, fibrosis

Question 24

chronic inflamation

Answer 24

lots of macrophages! can be granulomatous

Question 25

granulomatous inflammation

Answer 25

immune or non immune

Question 26

purulent

Answer 26

accumulation of pus (dead neutrophils)

Question 27

suppurate/suppurative

Answer 27

produce pus

Question 28

abscess

Answer 28

collection of neutrophils (walled off pus)

Question 29

fibrinous

Answer 29

protein rich

Question 30

serous

Answer 30

protein poor, few cells

Question 31

histamine and inflammation

Answer 31

mast cell, basophils, platelets, vasodilation and permeability

Question 32

decreased colloid osmotic pressure

Answer 32

transudate

Question 33

icam

Answer 33

intercellular adhesion molecule, ligand for inrwggrgin

Question 34

collegenase

Answer 34

pierces the basement

Question 35

pain mediators

Answer 35

prostaglandins, bradykinin, serotonin

Question 36

anti inflammatory signals

Answer 36

IL10, TGFb (produced by macrophages)

Question 37

IFNy

Answer 37

chronic inflammation - part of chronic