Acute and Chronic Childhood Neurologic Disorders Flashcards
CSF findings in bacterial meningitis
Protein high, glucose low, WBC (neutrophils)
Infancy meningitis
listeria, e coli, group B strep
child to adult meningitis
H flu, strep pneumo, neisseria
ADEM (acute disseminated encephalitis) etiology
post-infectious
ADEM (acute disseminated encephalitis) what do you see
both gray and white matter lesions in brain and spinal cord
Transverse myelitis
only in the spinal cord but both in the white and gray matter
how to differentiate Transverse myelitis from MS
multiple levels of the spine have lesions
Acite cerebellar ataxia (what is it)
begins at age 2-4 and is thought to be after VZV with ataxia with explosive onset
treatment for acute cerebellar ataxia
self-limited
GBS- LP
cytoalbuminic dissociation
two variants of GBS
miller-fisher (face and weakness) bickerstaff (seizure and conscioussness)
Botulinum clinical presentation
descending paralysis (face and lungs) with constipation as first symptom
list disorders causing early developmental delay
Down, cerebral palsy, NTD, metabolic and brain malformation
types of cerebral palsy
spastic, hypotonic, dyskinestic
lissencephaly
no gyri in the brain
schizencephaly and porencephaly
brain tissue doesnt develop
chiari 1 2 3
1- cerebellar tonsilar herniation
2- meningomyelocele and hydrocephalus
3- occiptal encephalocele
rett syndrome
girls only (X linked), autistic behavior at 1-3y/o, microcephaly and purposeless hand movement
fragile x variant
FXTAS- pre-mutation Fragile X tremor and ataxia syndrome (at 50 y/o)
global developmental delay definition
at least 2 of following (gross motor, fine motor, social and speech)
neurodegenerative disorder: name the disorder cerebral basal ganglia cerebellum spinal cord nerve muscle
rett syndrome PKAN friedrich's ataxia familial spatic paraplegia spinal muscle atrophy duchenne muscular dystrophy
best testing for duchenne’s
CK elevated above 10K
autoimmune disorders- name the disorder cerebral brainstem cerebellum spinal cord nerve muscle
ADEM ADEM acute cerbellar ataxia transverse myelitis guillain barree dermatomyosisitis
sturge weber - clinica presentation
CN V
port wine stain
glaucoma
NF1
cafe au lait inguinal/axial freckling neurofibroma bony malformations lisch nodules optic gliomas
Tuberous sclerosis
tubers (cortical) subependyma nodules subependymal giant cell astrocytoma seizures developmental delay hypomelanotic macules (ash leaf spot) shagreed spot
