Acupuncture

Question 1

Settings of low frequency/high intensity PENS

Answer 1

2 to 15 Hz at as strong as the patient can take

Question 2

What is being affected in the spinal cord by low frequency/high intensity

Answer 2

Enkephalin and dynorphin B release

Question 3

Midbrain in low frequency/high intensity

Answer 3

Enkephalin, serotonin, and NE

Question 4

Pituitary/hypothalamus in low frequency/high intensity

Answer 4

B-endorphin, ACTH

Question 5

Does naloxone block low frequency/high intensity effects?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

Time course of analgesia in low frequency/high intensity

Answer 6

Slow onset, long duration

Question 7

Are effects of low frequency/high intensity cumulative?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Settings of high frequency/low intensity

Answer 8

30-200 Hz to just where the patient can feel it

Question 9

What is affected by high frequency/low intensity?

Answer 9

Spinal cord/midbrain ONLY with GABA

Question 10

Does naloxone block high frequency/low intensity effects?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Time course of analgesia in high frequency/low intensity

Answer 11

Fast onset, short duration

Question 12

Are the effects of high frequency/low intensity cumulative?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

Recommendations for uses of acupuncture

Answer 13

N/V in postop and chemo patients
Addiction
Stroke
Headache
Menstrual cramps
Tennis elbow
Fibromyalgia
Myofascial pain
Osteoarthritis
Low back pain
Carpal tunnel
Asthma

Question 14

Benedick’s effect

Answer 14

Current along a uniform conductor is reinforced by electromagnetic effect between the second spiraled metal in contact with the first metal

Question 15

Thermocouple effect of Kelvin-Thomas

Answer 15

Gradient along the length of a homogenous conductor with a temperature gradient produced by the ends of the conductor at different temperatures