Active Ingredients Derived from Microorganisms: Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree Oil)

Question 1

What is it?

Answer 1

• essential oil
• steam distillation of the leaves, branches of M. alternifolia
• woodsy, camphorous odor
• 100 different bioactive components such as terpenes

Question 2

What are the skin benefits?

Answer 2

• antioxidant
• antibacterial
• acne treatment: study with twice daily use for 12 weeks showed decreased acne lesions, skin dryness + mild peeling (no serious adverse effects but not recommended as standalone treatment as acne is multifactorial)
• dandruff treatment (antifungal, anti-inflammatory): study using 5% tea tree oil for seborrheic dermatitis due to Malassezia yeast

Question 3

What are the limitations?

Answer 3

• Essential oils are highly concentrated botanical extracts which can be irritating when used in high concentrations on skin
• Avoid in those with sensitive skin.