Activate 2 - Chapter P2.2 - Energy Flashcards
Energy
Associated with changes in temperature or with work.
Joules
A unit of energy, symbol J.
Kilojoules
1 kilojoule = 1000J, symbol kJ.
Kilowatt Hours
The unit of energy used by electric companies, symbol kWh.
Kilowatts
1 kilowatt = 1000 W, symbol kW.
Kinetic Store
Energy of moving objects.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.
Chemical Store
Energy stored in food and fuels.
Energy Store
Something such as a food or hot object that enables you to account for the energy at the start and end of a transfer.
Thermal Store
Energy in objects as a result of the motion of their particles.
Kinetic Store
Energy of moving objects.
Gravitational Potential Store
Energy due to the position of an object in a gravitational field.
Elastic Store
Energy stored when objects change shape.
Dissipated
Energy that has become spread out or ‘wasted’ by heating the environment.
Temperature
A measure of how hot or cold something is, measured in degrees Celsius.
Thermometer
Instrument used to measure temperature.
Energy Resources
Materials or mechanisms for heating or generating electricity.
Fossil Fuels
Coal, Oil and Gas are made from the remains from trees and sea creatures over millions of years.
Non-Renewable
Energy resources that have a limited supply.
Thermal Power Station
A power station which uses fossil fuels to generate electricity.
Renewable
Energy Resources whose supply will not run out.
Conduction
The way in which energy is transferred through solids, and to a much lesser extent in liquids and gasses.
Conductor
A material that conducts charge or energy well, such as a metal or graphite.
Convection
The transfer of energy by the movement of gasses or liquids.
Radiation
The transfer of energy as a wave
Insulator
A material that does not conduct electricity or transfer energy well.
Convection Current
The movement of heated liquids or gasses.
Infrared Radiation
Radiation given off by the Sun and other objects that brings about energy transfer.
Thermal Imaging Camera
A camera that absorbs infrared and produces a false-color image
Kinetic Energy
This energy creates movement.
Electrical Energy
Electric Energy is created by joules, amperes and volts.
Thermal Energy
Thermal energy generates heat.
Sound Energy
Sound energy are vibrations from a source.
Light Energy
Light Energy are also vibrations from a source of light.
Chemical Energy
Chemical Energy is stored in chemical compounds such as batteries, glow sticks, food and fuels.
1J
0.001kJ
600kJ
600,000J
What does the term “work” means?
This term “work” means the amount of energy transferred to a body.
What is the calculation of “work done”
A definition:
Work done = force x distance moved by the object
Power
Power is the rate at which work is done.
What is Coal, oil and Gas?
Coal, oil and gas are fossil fuels.
What is wave energy??
Wave energy is energy that has been made by the power of waves in the ocean.
Wind Power
Wind power is made by the wind turning the propeller-like blades in a circles.
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear energy is the. It’s the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity. It is the energy that holds together the nuclei of atoms. Nuclear fusion is the combining of two light atoms into a heavier one and nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy atom.
Tidal Energy
Tidal energy is the energy obtained from the tides of the ocean. Tidal energy mostly converts tides into electricity but can convert it into other forms as well.
Biomass
Biomass is an industry term for getting energy by burning wood, and other organic matter.
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth.
Hydroelectric Energy
A hydroelectric power station converts the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water into electrical energy. This electrical energy is normal electricity. It can be used anywhere that normal electricity generated in power plants can be.
Solar Power
It is the power from the Sun and transfers into energy through solar panels.
Equilibrium
Objects that are at a thermal equilibrium when they are at the same temperature.
Lever
A simple machine which multiplies the force.
Work
A way of transferring energy that does not involve heating.
Simple Machine
Lever or gear that reduces the force required to do something, but increases the distance.
Gear
A rotating lever that reduces the force required to do the work.
