Activate 2 - Chapter C2.1 - The Periodic Table Flashcards
Element
An element is one TYPE of on atom.
Group
A vertical column of the Periodic Table. The elements in a group have similar properties.
Period
A horizontal row of the Periodic Table. There are trends in the properties of elements across a period.
Alkali Metals
The alkali metals are a group in the periodic table consisting of the chemical elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium.
Caesium, the fifth alkali metal, is the most reactive of all the metals.
Alkaline Earth Metals
The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. They are beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium. The elements have very similar properties: they are all shiny, silvery-white, somewhat reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure.
Halogens
(Group 7) The halogens are a group in the periodic table consisting of five chemically related elements: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine (I), and astatine.
Noble Gasses
(Group 0) The noble gases make up a group of chemical elements with similar properties; under standard conditions, they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity. The six noble gases that occur naturally are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and the radioactive radon.
Transition Metals
Transition metals are metals which aren’t in any groups and and any metals can react with transition metals.
The Periodic Table
a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in vertical columns.
Metal + Acid >
Metal Nitrate
Metal + Water >
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas
Metal + Oxygen >
Metal Oxide
Displacement Reaction
In a displacement reaction, a more reactive metal displaces - or pushes out - a less reactive metal from its compound.
E.g
Miss Iron and Mr Sulphate
Miss Zinc met Mr Sulphate,
Miss Zinc Replace Miss Zinc
So in real life it isn’t!
Iron Sulphate + Zinc
It is:
Zinc Sulphate + Iron
Because zinc is more reactive :)
Metal Ore
A rock that you can extract metal from.
How are metals extracted from ores?
Lets use IRON as example:
- Separate IRON OXIDE from the compounds it is mixed with.
- Use chemical reactions to extract IRON from IRON OXIDE.
The chemical reaction involve heating IRON OXIDE with CHARCOAL. CHARCOAL is a form of CARBON. It is cheap and easy to get hold of.
