Acronyms

Question 1

OPEC (list 5, proved reserves, production, consumption, us import)

Answer 1

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela (not Russia). 72% of global proved reserves. 42% of global production. 9% of world consumption. 47% of US imports.

Question 2

EOR

Answer 2

Enhanced Oil Recovery. part of Tertiary recovery of oil. injection of heat, additional liquids/gases, chem or bio catalysts. Results in additional recovery of 4-15% OOIP

Question 3

LNG

Answer 3

Liquefied Natural Gas (for transport and storage). Growing contributor to international trade but little in US. 1/600 volume of Nat Gas. increased GHG emission by 25%.

Question 4

LPG

Answer 4

Liquefied Petroleum Gas. propane and butane mix refined from petroleum or nat gas liquids. The lightest fraction of crude oil (along with gasoline) that vaporizes and rises up then condenses at the top of a distillery.

Question 5

PURPA

Answer 5

Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act. deregulation and competition by opening power markets to nonutility producers of elec. required states to set rules for QFs to sell utilities. launched independent power producers and began competitive pressures in generation.

Question 6

CPUC

Answer 6

California Public Utilities Commission. Regulates retail rates and sets policy for IOUs, some oversee energy eff. programs

Question 7

CEC

Answer 7

California Energy Commission. reports info on state energy system and policy, thermal pp siting, RD&D, sets building and appliance eff. standards

Question 8

CARB

Answer 8

California Air Resources Board. power plant emissions and environmental compliance.

Question 9

NOx/SOx

Answer 9

Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide. Products of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels.

Question 10

DOE

Answer 10

Department of Energy - advances national economic and energy security of US (Nuc. waste cleanup is 1/3 budget, 2/3 relates to nuc energy and nuc weapons).

Question 11

CTL/GTL

Answer 11

Coal to Liquid / Gas to Liquid. The Fischer Tropsch Process petroleum substitutes for use as synthetic fuel or synthetic lube oil.

Question 12

NIMBY

Answer 12

Not In My Backyard.

Question 13

FERC

Answer 13

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Regulates wholesale electricity market, generators and transmission rates

Question 14

NERC

Answer 14

National Electric Regulatory Commission. Reliability, technical standards

Question 15

API

Answer 15

American Petroleum Institute. API gravity is how oil is classified - high (30 degrees or more, light, more valuable). Low - (20 degrees or less, heavy, less valuable).

Question 16

GWP

Answer 16

Global Warming Potential. A way to measure the environmental impact of a GHG in relation to that of CO2. potential radiative forcing of 1kg of a GHG compared to 1kg of a GHG

Question 17

CO2e

Answer 17

CO2 Equivalent. everything in terms of CO2

Question 18

NRC

Answer 18

Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Regulates the Nuclear Power Industry (104 reactors) and all US uranium recovery and processing operations.

Question 19

IAEA

Answer 19

International Atomic Energy Agency. Global center of cooperation in the nuclear field. “Atoms for Peace” within the UN family.

Question 20

EPA

Answer 20

Environmental Protection Agency. Develops and enforces regulations that implement enviro laws enacted by Congress.

Question 21

ISO/CAISO

Answer 21

Independent System Operator, formed at the direction of the FERC as a way for exisiting tight power pools to satisfy the requirement of providing non-discriminatory access to transmission.

Question 22

RTO

Answer 22

Regional Transmission Organizations. Encouraged by the FERC to administer the transmission grid across North America.

Question 23

IPCC

Answer 23

International Panel on Climate Change.

Question 24

PPM

Answer 24

Parts Per Million.

Question 25

IGCC

Answer 25

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle. coal is gasified by partial oxidation, producing syngas which is combusted in a gas turbine. waste heat creates steam for steam turbine. 50% efficiency is possible.

Question 26

CCS

Answer 26

Carbon Capture and Storage. Underground storage of captured CO2

Question 27

CHP

Answer 27

Combine Heat and Power. distinct heating and cooling gas turbine (50-80% eff)

Question 28

IOU

Answer 28

Investor-Owned Utilities. PG&E, Edison International

Question 29

POU

Answer 29

Publicly-Owned Utilities. Municipal Utilities (City of PA utilities), Cooperatively owned utilities (Plumas-Sierra Rural Electric Cooperative)

Question 30

WTI

Answer 30

Western Texas Intermediate. “Texas Light Sweet” a grade of crude oil used a benchmark for oil pricing.

Question 31

BLM

Answer 31

Bureau of Land Management. Issues involving power facilities on federal land.

Question 32

CCGT

Answer 32

Combined Cycle Gas Turbine. 40-61% eff

Question 33

HVDC

Answer 33

High Voltage Direct Current. Thomas edison. At low voltages there is significant energy loss (P=i2r). Current primary uses: long distance transmission, underwater, grid stabilization

Question 34

U,Pu,Th

Answer 34

Uranium, Plutonium, Thorium. All can be used for nuclear fuel

Question 35

EIA

Answer 35

Energy Information Administration. Where we get all of this information.