Acquired Heart Defects

Question 1

AHD’s occur after birth, or are a complication or long term effect of a _____.

Answer 1

CHD - congenital heart defect

Question 2

What are the 4 main causes of AHD?

Answer 2

-infection
-chronic disease
-medication
-treatment/ long term effect of a CHD

Question 3

heart failure is an AHD, most often occurring secondary to a CHD. This is when the heart _____ to pump blood effectively.

Answer 3

fails

Question 4

Is L. or R. ventricular hypertrophy more common with HF?

Answer 4

Left is more common

Question 5

These are S+S of which AHD?

-cardiomegaly
-pulmonary edema
-ventricular hypertrophy
-edema
-SOB/ increased WOB
-cough + crackles

Answer 5

Heart Failure

Question 6

ARF is an AHD, most commonly caused by what bacterial infection not getting treated properly?

Answer 6

group Strep. A

Question 7

What are the 5 major criteria in diagnosing ARF?

Answer 7

1.carditis
2.subcutaneous nodules
3.polyarthritis
4.rash - erythema marginatum
5.sydenham chorea

Question 8

What are the 2 minor criteria for diagnosing ARF?

Answer 8

1.fever
2. arthralgia

Question 9

What are the 3 Jones Criteria for diagnosing ARF?

Answer 9

1. 2 of the major
2. 1 major + 2 minor
3. 2 minor immediately following an acute infection of strep throat

Question 10

how would you describe erythema marginatum? (the rash that’s associated with ARF)

Answer 10

round
pale/ pink center
raised
red border

Question 11

What are the “sudden, jerky movements” associated with ARF?

Answer 11

Sydenham chorea

Question 12

which AHD do these S+S belong to?

-recent URI
-fever
-lethargy + weakness
-pain + swelling of joints
-muscle aches
-SOB + chest pain
-circular/ round rash
-lumps under the skin
-chorea

Question 13

Kawasaki disease is characterized by ________ throughout the body that could lead to serious heart complications if not treated.

Answer 13

inflammation

Question 14

Kawasaki disease goes through 3 phases, and symptoms vary with each phase, the worst of it being the first. What symptoms are included in the first phase? (acute phase)

TEMPERS

Answer 14

T-temperature (fever)

E- Erythema + Edema of hands/ feet

M-mouth is dry, sore + cracked - STRAWBERRY TONGUE

P-pace - TREAT EARLY

E- eyes are bloodshot

R- red/ peeling rash

S- swollen glands

Question 15

What is the priority when treating Kawasaki disease?

Answer 15

preventing CAD or an Aneurysm

Question 16

What are the 3 phases of Kawasaki disease?

Answer 16

acute
subacute
convalescent