Acquired brain injuries in children

Question 1

What are the two types of brain injury?

Answer 1

Traumatic

Atraumatic

Question 2

What can cause an acquired brain injury?

Answer 2

Stroke
near drowning
RTA
Brain tumour
Meningitis
Assault

Question 3

What is post traumatic amnesia?

Answer 3

forgetting what happened during/before/after brain injury

Question 4

Skull fusion completes by 18 months- true/false?

Answer 4

true

Question 5

What is ICP?

Answer 5

Intracranial pressure

Question 6

raised ICP is common in acquired brain injuries -true/false?

Answer 6

true

Question 7

Primary brain damage includes…

Answer 7

contusion, blood vessel damage, axon shearing, damage to blood brain barrier and meninges

Question 8

Secondary brain damage is…

Answer 8

indirect result of initial damage occurs in hours/days after injury

Question 9

How do you manage brain damage?

Answer 9

Raise head, limit fluids, coma, drainage, shunt

Question 10

Why does secondary damage occur?

Answer 10

ischaemia- lack of blood flow
hypoxia- lack of oxygen
hypotension- low blood pressure

Question 11

What is a TBI?

Answer 11

Traumatic brain injury

Question 12

TBI is most common cause of death under 1 year- true/false?

Answer 12

true

Question 13

3 causes of TBI…

Answer 13

RTA’s
gunshot wounds
hit on head

Question 14

TBI injuries can be…

Answer 14

closed (RTA)
open/penetrating (gun shot wound)
Crushing (rare)

Question 15

TBI risk factors include…

Answer 15

male
ADHD
SES

Question 16

How do doctors predict brain injury outcome?

Answer 16

Glasgow coma scale
Age
Duration of memory loss
Duration of unconsciousness

Question 17

Atraumatic brain injuries include…

Answer 17

Brain tumour
stroke
lack of blood/oxygen supply
infections

Question 18

children have a better prognosis than adults for brain tumours- true/false?

Answer 18

true

Question 19

Meningitis can affect hearing- true/false?

Answer 19

true