ACL

Question 1

Proximaly insertion zone and femoral ACL form

Answer 1

Medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle posteriorly in the intercondylar notch in the form of a segment of a circle

Question 2

In which direction the fibers are rotated

Answer 2

external rotation

Question 3

lenght and width

Answer 3

38 mm x 11 mm

Question 4

Distaly insertion zone of the ACL

Answer 4

wide, depressed area anterior and lateral to the medial tibial tubercle in the intercondylar fossa

Question 5

how many and which bundles

Answer 5

AM bundle and a PL bundle

Question 6

origin of the bundles looking at the clock

Answer 6

AM 10:30

PL 09:30

Question 7

AM and PL have different roles in stabilizing the knee joint, describe as they appear in flexion and extension

Answer 7

• In extension the bundles are parallel
• AM bundle tightens as the knee flexes / PL bundle loosens
• PL bundle becomes tight as full extension

Question 8

What evaluates the anterior draw test and the Lachman test

Answer 8

isolated rupture of the AM bundle will tend to have a greater effect on the anterior draw test (performed at 90 degrees of flexion), and failure of the PL bundle will have a greater effect on the Lachman test (performed at 30 degrees of flexion)

Question 9

What also stabilizes the PL bundle

Answer 9

internal and external rotation

reason why the various reconstruction techniques tend to position the ligament more horizontal …

Question 10

what does “partial injury” mean

Answer 10

isolated bundle tears

Question 11

maximum tensile strength of the ACL

Answer 11

1725 ± 270 N

Question 12

Afferent and efferent signals involving the ACL are carried by…?

Answer 12

…branches of the posterior tibial nerve

Question 13

What’s the signal in MRI of the ACL

Answer 13

Low signal