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NCEA Science, level 1 > Acids & Bases; The Basics > Flashcards

Acids & Bases; The Basics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the products of this reaction?

Carbonate + acid →

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

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2
Q

What are the products of this reaction?

Hydrogen carbonate + acid →

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

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3
Q

What is the difference between a base and an alkalis?

How are alkalis

A

A base that dissolves in water is an alkalis

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4
Q

What is the pH of Alkali solutions?

A

pH > 7

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5
Q

Which ion do Alkalis solutions have?

A

Hydroxide ion, OH-

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6
Q

What is an acid?

A

Those substances which contain one or more Hydroide ions, H+. They release H+ when dissolved in water.

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7
Q

What is a Base?

A

A substance that react with solutions containing Hydrogen ions

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8
Q

What is an Alkali?

A

A Base that can be dissolved in water.

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9
Q

What pH range would you expect a weak alkali to be in?

A

pH 10 - 11

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10
Q

What pH range would you expect a strong alkali to be in?

A

PpH 13 - 14

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11
Q

Name a Base

A

ZnO, CaO, Cu(OH)2

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12
Q

What is the pH scale used to measure?

A

The relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution

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13
Q

What is the numeric range of the pH scale?

A

0 - 14

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14
Q

How would you describe a solution with a pH of 2?

A

Strong acid

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15
Q

How would you describe a solution with a pH of 4?

A

Weak acid

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16
Q

How would you describe a solution with a pH of 8?

A

Weak alkali

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17
Q

How would you describe a solution with a pH of 13?

A

Strong alkali

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18
Q

How would you describe a solution with a pH of 7?

A

Neutral

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19
Q

What is neutralisation?

A

The mixing of an acid and alkali (or visa versa) until the solution becomes neutral i.e. has pH of 7.

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20
Q

List four properties of Acids

A

pH of < 7

Taste sour

Are corrosive

Contain Hyrogen ions, H+

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21
Q

What are the products of this reactions?

acid + metal →

A

Salt + hydrogen

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22
Q

What are the products of this reactions?

acid + base →

A

Salt + water

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23
Q

What gas is present when we hear a pop or squeak when a lit splint is ignites gas in a test tude?

A

Hydrogen, H+

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24
Q

What gas is present when lime water turns cloudy as the gas passes through it?

A

Carbon dioxide, CO2

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25
Q

What gas is present when a glowing splint reignites when put into a test tude?

A

Oxygen, O2

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26
Q

How many protons does Aluminium have?

A

13

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27
Q

How many neutrons does Aluminium have?

A

14

28
Q

What are indicators used for in Chemistry?

A

Test solutions to show if they are acidic, neutral or alkaline

29
Q

What colour is Red Litmus go when testing an acid?

A

Red

30
Q

What colour is Red Litmus go when testing an alkali?

A

Blue

31
Q

What colour is Blue Litmus go when testing an acid?

A

Red

32
Q

What colour is Blue Litmus go when testing an alkali?

A

Blue

33
Q

What colour is Red Litmus go when testing a neutral solution?

A

Red

34
Q

What colour is Blue Litmus go when testing a neutral solution?

A

Blue

35
Q

What is the colour range of Universal Indicators?

A

Red for acid through to Purple for Alkali

36
Q

What are all metal oxide and metal hydroxides?

A

They are all Bases

37
Q

What is the chemical formula for Hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

38
Q

What is the chemical formula for Sulfuric Acid?

A

H2SO4

39
Q

What is the chemical formula for nitric acid?

A

HNO3

40
Q

What is the chemical formula for zinc sulfate?

A

ZnSO4

41
Q

What is the chemical formula for water?

A

H2O

42
Q

What is the chemical formula for sodium carbonate?

A

NaHCO3

43
Q

What is the chemical formula for copper hydroxide?

A

Cu(OH)2

44
Q

What is the chemical formula for aluminium oxide?

A

Al2O3

45
Q

What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?

A

CO2

46
Q

What an OH- ion?

A

Hydroxide ion

47
Q

What is a HCO3- ion?

A

Hydrogen carbonate ion

48
Q

What is a NO3- ion?

A

Nitrate ion

49
Q

What is a SO42- ion?

A

Sulfate ion

50
Q

What must be remembered about charges when writing the formula for a substance?

A

+ charges must equal - charges

51
Q

Explain why alkalis are a subset of Bases?

A

Alkalis are made of those Bases which are soluble in water.

52
Q

What numbers must be the same of each side of a chemical equation?

A

The number of atoms

53
Q

How can you increase the number of atoms when balancing an equation?

A

By putting a number in front of the reactant or product.

54
Q

What are reactants?

A

Substances that are brought together to create a chemical reaction.

55
Q

What are products?

A

Substances formed by a chemical reaction.

56
Q

What must never be changed in chemical reactions?

A

The formulae of the reactants or products.

57
Q

What is the colour of the metals on this Periodic table?

A

Teal / Blue

58
Q

What is the colour of the non-metals on this Periodic table?

A

Coral / Pink

59
Q

What name/s do we used for the yellow elements on this Periodic table?

A

Metalloids or semimetals

60
Q

What are the product of this reaction?

carbonate + acid →

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

61
Q

What are the products of this reaction?

hydrogen carbonate + acid →

A

Salt + water + Carbon dioxide

62
Q

When this reaction, hydrogen carbonate + acid → , occurs how can you tell a gas is produced?

A

There is a fizz, gas bubbles can be seen in the liquid.

63
Q

What needs to be present along with Bicarbonate of Soda (Baking soda) for the Baking to rise?

A

An acid

64
Q

How many Groups are there in the Periodic table?

A

18

65
Q

What do elements in the same Group have in common?

A

Similar configurations of electrons in their valence (outermost) shell.

66
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A substance where two or more element or compounds are combined physically but not chemically bonded to each other.

NCEA Science, level 1 (7 decks)

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