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NCEA Science, level 1 > Acids & Bases: Atoms and Ions > Flashcards

Acids & Bases: Atoms and Ions Flashcards

1
Q

Where are metals found in the Periodic table?

A

Left hand side and the middle.

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2
Q

Where are non-metals found in the Periodic table?

A

Right hand side

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3
Q

What are the three sub-atomic particles that make up an atom?

A

Protons, neutrons and electrons

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4
Q

What do we call the outer electron shell around an atom?

A

Valence shell

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5
Q

How many electrons can the first energy level/ shell hold?

A

Two / 2

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6
Q

How many electrons can the second energy level/ shell hold?

A

Eight / 8

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7
Q

How many electrons can the third energy level/ shell hold?

A

Eight / 8

(rule holds @ Level 1, NCEA)

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8
Q

What is the charge of a Proton?

A

Positive

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9
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

Negative

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10
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

No charge / neural

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11
Q

An atom has 6 electrons; how many protons will it have?

A

Six / 6

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12
Q

What does the mass number of an atom tell you?

A

The number of protons and neutrons.

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13
Q

What does the atomic number tell you about an atom?

A

The number of protons and electrons an atom has.

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14
Q

Looking at an Atomic symbol for X; what does the notation A tell you about X where A is the smaller number?

A

A is the atomic number of X

How many protons and electrons X has.

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15
Q

Looking at an Atomic symbol for X; what does the notation Z tell you about X where A is the smaller number?

A

Z is the mass number of the atom

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16
Q

Looking at an Atomic symbol for X; what will you discover by subtracting A from Z where A is the smaller number.

A

The number of neutrons atom X has

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17
Q

In the notation below, what is X?

A

The symbol for the element.

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18
Q

What do we call atoms which have the same number of protons but different mass numbers?

A

Isotopes

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19
Q

What are these C atoms an example of for Carbon?

A

Isotopes

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20
Q

How are these Cl atoms different from each other?

A

They have a different number of neutrons which we know because the mass number is different.

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21
Q

Use the number form to explain the electron arrangement of Aluminium

A

2 , 8 , 3

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22
Q

The elements of the Periodic table as listed in order of increasing what?

A

Atomic number

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23
Q

When an atom gains or loses an electron/s it becomes a what?

A

Ion

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24
Q

What is the ionic formula for calcium chloride?

A

CaCl2

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25
Q

When metal and non-metals ions combine the form an orderly structure. What is this arrangement called?

A

Crystal lattice

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26
Q

What is the chemical name of NaCl?

A

Sodium chloride

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27
Q

What is the ratio of sodium ions, Na+, to chloride ions Cl- in NaCl?

A

One to one or 1:1

28
Q

Fill in the gap.

An ion is a _______ particle formed when an atom loses or gains electron/s.

A

Charged

29
Q

Fill in the gap.

Ionic compounds are form when there is a _________ of electrons from a metal to a non-metal.

A

Transfer

30
Q

What happens to metal atoms for them to become ions?

A

They lose electrons

31
Q

What type of charge do metal ions carry?

A

Positive

32
Q

How do non-metals become ions?

A

They gain electrons

33
Q

What do we call the electrostatic attraction bond between oppositely charged ions?

A

Ionic

34
Q

Where is 99.9% of the mass of an atom found?

A

In the nucleus

35
Q

Fill in the gap.

The centre of an atom contains most of the ______ of an atom>

A

Mass

36
Q

What makes up most of the volume of an atom?

A

Empty space

37
Q

How many electrons does an atom of oxygen have?

A

Eight, 8

38
Q

What do we call the horizontal rows in the Periodic Table?

A

Periods

39
Q

What do we call the vertical columns in the Periodic table?

A

Groups

40
Q

When atoms are agganged as in the image what state is the substance in?

A

Solid

41
Q

When atoms are agganged as in the image what state is the substance in?

A

Liquid

42
Q

When atoms are agganged as in the image what state is the substance in?

A

Gas

43
Q

Using numbers what is the electron arrangement for S?

A

2 , 8 , 6

44
Q

What is the election arrangement for the ion O? Use numbers to show this.

A

2 , 8

45
Q

What word can we use to describe ions with full valance shells?

A

Stable

46
Q

What electron arrangement gives atoms/ions a stable structure?

A

A full valence shell

47
Q

What is the charge of a Flourine (F) ion?

A

F- or F-1

48
Q

The Calcium ion has what charge?

A

Ca+2

49
Q

What do we call a substance made up of only one type of atom?

A

An Element

50
Q

What do we call a substance made up of 2 or more types of atoms that are chemical bonded together?

A

A Compound

51
Q

What names can be used for the gases in Group 18 of the Periodic table?

A

Rare

Inert

Noble

52
Q

What additional name can be used for the metals in Group 1 of the Periodic table?

A

Alkali

53
Q

How many valence electrons are in elements in Group 2 of the Periodic Table?

A

2, two

54
Q

How many valence electrons are in elements in Group 13 of the Periodic Table?

A

3, three

55
Q

How many valence electrons are in elements in Group 17 of the Periodic Table?

A

7, seven

56
Q

What do we call the elements in Group 17?

A

Halogens

57
Q

What do we call elements with the same atomic number but different mass numbers?

A

Isotopes

58
Q

What word can be used to describe Neon (2,8), F-(2,8) and Na+(2,8)?

A

Isoelectronic

59
Q

What is the electron arrangement, as numbers, of the ion formed by Na?

A

2 , 8

60
Q

What is the electron arrangement, as numbers, of the ion formed by Cl?

A

2 , 8 , 8

61
Q

What is a collect name for particles found in the nucleus (p & n) of an atom?

A

Nucleons

62
Q

What is another name for electron configuration?

A

Arrangement

63
Q

What name do we give all positive ions?

A

Cations

64
Q

What name do we give all negitive ions?

A

Anions

65
Q

Why to atoms lose or gain electrons to become ions?

A

To become stable by creating a full valence shell.

66
Q

Which Groups contain the most reactive elements?

A

Group 1 and 17

NCEA Science, level 1 (7 decks)

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