Acids & Bases: Atoms and Ions

Question 1

Where are metals found in the Periodic table?

Answer 1

Left hand side and the middle.

Question 2

Where are non-metals found in the Periodic table?

Answer 2

Right hand side

Question 3

What are the three sub-atomic particles that make up an atom?

Answer 3

Protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 4

What do we call the outer electron shell around an atom?

Answer 4

Valence shell

Question 5

How many electrons can the first energy level/ shell hold?

Answer 5

Two / 2

Question 6

How many electrons can the second energy level/ shell hold?

Answer 6

Eight / 8

Question 7

How many electrons can the third energy level/ shell hold?

Answer 7

Eight / 8

(rule holds @ Level 1, NCEA)

Question 8

What is the charge of a Proton?

Answer 8

Positive

Question 9

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 9

Negative

Question 10

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 10

No charge / neural

Question 11

An atom has 6 electrons; how many protons will it have?

Answer 11

Six / 6

Question 12

What does the mass number of an atom tell you?

Answer 12

The number of protons and neutrons.

Question 13

What does the atomic number tell you about an atom?

Answer 13

The number of protons and electrons an atom has.

Question 14

Looking at an Atomic symbol for X; what does the notation A tell you about X where A is the smaller number?

Answer 14

A is the atomic number of X

How many protons and electrons X has.

Question 15

Looking at an Atomic symbol for X; what does the notation Z tell you about X where A is the smaller number?

Answer 15

Z is the mass number of the atom

Question 16

Looking at an Atomic symbol for X; what will you discover by subtracting A from Z where A is the smaller number.

Answer 16

The number of neutrons atom X has

Question 17

In the notation below, what is X?

Answer 17

The symbol for the element.

Question 18

What do we call atoms which have the same number of protons but different mass numbers?

Answer 18

Isotopes

Question 19

What are these C atoms an example of for Carbon?

Answer 19

Isotopes

Question 20

How are these Cl atoms different from each other?

Answer 20

They have a different number of neutrons which we know because the mass number is different.

Question 21

Use the number form to explain the electron arrangement of Aluminium

Answer 21

2 , 8 , 3

Question 22

The elements of the Periodic table as listed in order of increasing what?

Answer 22

Atomic number

Question 23

When an atom gains or loses an electron/s it becomes a what?

Answer 23

Ion

Question 24

What is the ionic formula for calcium chloride?

Answer 24

CaCl₂

Question 25

When metal and non-metals ions combine the form an orderly structure. What is this arrangement called?

Answer 25

Crystal lattice

Question 26

What is the chemical name of NaCl?

Answer 26

Sodium chloride

Question 27

What is the ratio of sodium ions, Na⁺, to chloride ions Cl^- in NaCl?

Answer 27

One to one or 1:1

Question 28

# Fill in the gap. An ion is a _______ particle formed when an atom loses or gains electron/s.

Answer 28

Charged

Question 29

# Fill in the gap. Ionic compounds are form when there is a _________ of electrons from a metal to a non-metal.

Answer 29

Transfer

Question 30

What happens to metal atoms for them to become ions?

Answer 30

They lose electrons

Question 31

What type of charge do metal ions carry?

Answer 31

Positive

Question 32

How do non-metals become ions?

Answer 32

They gain electrons

Question 33

What do we call the electrostatic attraction bond between oppositely charged ions?

Answer 33

Ionic

Question 34

Where is 99.9% of the mass of an atom found?

Answer 34

In the nucleus

Question 35

# Fill in the gap. The centre of an atom contains most of the ______ of an atom\>

Answer 35

Mass

Question 36

What makes up most of the volume of an atom?

Answer 36

Empty space

Question 37

How many electrons does an atom of oxygen have?

Answer 37

Eight, 8

Question 38

What do we call the horizontal rows in the Periodic Table?

Answer 38

Periods

Question 39

What do we call the vertical columns in the Periodic table?

Answer 39

Groups

Question 40

When atoms are agganged as in the image what state is the substance in?

Answer 40

Solid

Question 41

When atoms are agganged as in the image what state is the substance in?

Answer 41

Liquid

Question 42

When atoms are agganged as in the image what state is the substance in?

Answer 42

Gas

Question 43

Using numbers what is the electron arrangement for S?

Answer 43

2 , 8 , 6

Question 44

What is the election arrangement for the ion O? Use numbers to show this.

Answer 44

2 , 8

Question 45

What word can we use to describe ions with full valance shells?

Answer 45

Stable

Question 46

What electron arrangement gives atoms/ions a stable structure?

Answer 46

A full valence shell

Question 47

What is the charge of a Flourine (F) ion?

Answer 47

F^- or F^-1

Question 48

The Calcium ion has what charge?

Answer 48

Ca⁺²

Question 49

What do we call a substance made up of only one type of atom?

Answer 49

An Element

Question 50

What do we call a substance made up of 2 or more types of atoms that are chemical bonded together?

Answer 50

A Compound

Question 51

What names can be used for the gases in Group 18 of the Periodic table?

Answer 51

Rare Inert Noble

Question 52

What additional name can be used for the metals in Group 1 of the Periodic table?

Answer 52

Alkali

Question 53

How many valence electrons are in elements in Group 2 of the Periodic Table?

Answer 53

2, two

Question 54

How many valence electrons are in elements in Group 13 of the Periodic Table?

Answer 54

3, three

Question 55

How many valence electrons are in elements in Group 17 of the Periodic Table?

Answer 55

7, seven

Question 56

What do we call the elements in Group 17?

Answer 56

Halogens

Question 57

What do we call elements with the same atomic number but different mass numbers?

Answer 57

Isotopes

Question 58

What word can be used to describe Neon (2,8), F^-(2,8) and Na⁺(2,8)?

Answer 58

Isoelectronic

Question 59

What is the electron arrangement, as numbers, of the ion formed by Na?

Answer 59

2 , 8

Question 60

What is the electron arrangement, as numbers, of the ion formed by Cl?

Answer 60

2 , 8 , 8

Question 61

What is a collect name for particles found in the nucleus (p & n) of an atom?

Answer 61

Nucleons

Question 62

What is another name for electron configuration?

Answer 62

Arrangement

Question 63

What name do we give all positive ions?

Answer 63

Cations

Question 64

What name do we give all negitive ions?

Answer 64

Anions

Question 65

Why to atoms lose or gain electrons to become ions?

Answer 65

To become stable by creating a full valence shell.

Question 66

Which Groups contain the most reactive elements?

Answer 66

Group 1 and 17