Acids and Bases/pH Flashcards
Arrhenius acid
substance that dissociates in water to produce H+ ions.
Arrhenius strong acid
substance that almost completely dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions.
Arrhenius weak acid
substance that only slightly dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions.
Arrhenius base
substance that dissociates in water to produce OH- (hydroxide) ions.
Arrhenius strong base
substance that almost completely dissociates in water to give hydroxide ions.
Arrhenius weak base
substance that only slightly dissociates in water to give hydroxide ions.
Bronsted-Lowry acid
proton donor.
Bronsted-Lowry base
proton acceptor.
Bronsted-Lowry strong/weak acid
good/poor proton donor.
Bronsted-Lowry strong/weak base
good/poor proton acceptor.
Conjugate acid-base pair
pair of an acid and base that differ by one proton.
Neutralisation
reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water.
Salt
substance formed when the hydrogen ion from an acid is replaced by a mental or an ammonium ion.
An acid changes into its conjugate base when…
it donates a proton.
A base changes into its conjugate acid when
it accepts a proton.
pH
-log10[H+]
pOH
-log10[OH-]
Acid-base indicator
Substance that changes colour according to the pH of the solution in which it is placed.
