Acids and Bases

Question 1

Arrhenius acid

Answer 1

Dissociate to form an excess of H+ in solution

Question 2

Arrhenius base

Answer 2

Dissociate to form an excess of OH- in solution

Question 3

Bronsted-Lowry acid

Answer 3

Species that donates a H+

Question 4

Bronsted-Lowry Base

Answer 4

Species that acceps H+

Question 5

Lewis acid

Answer 5

an electron pair acceptor (electrophile)

Question 6

Lewis base

Answer 6

electron pair donor (nucleophile)

Question 7

Amphoteric species

Answer 7

reacts like an acid in a basic environment and a base in an acidic environment

Question 8

Anions that end in -ide, form acids with the prefix ______

and the suffix _______

Answer 8

hydro; -ic acid

i.e. chloride to hydrochloric acid

Question 9

Water dissociation Constant (K_w)

Answer 9

K_w = [H3O+][OH-] = 10^-14

• Hydronium and hydroxide concentrations must always up to 10^-14
• PH + POH = 14

Question 10

Strong acids

Answer 10

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO₃, HClO₄

Question 11

K_b

Answer 11

[Conjugate acid][OH-] / [Base]

Question 12

K_a

Answer 12

[Conjugate base][H+] / [Acid]