Acids And Bases Flashcards
Conjugate acid
When a base accepts H atoms AKA donates the ion in RR
More protons ex. H2 & H3= H3 is the acid
Conjugate Bases
When acid donates a hydrogen AKA it would accept ion in RR
Amphoteric
Act as an acid or base
Lewis
Donating electrons
According to Lewis what is an acid?
An electron pair acceptor
AA
Proton ex. H+
According to Lewis what is a base?
Electron pair donor BD
Characteristics of acids:
Blue litmus turns pink/red Sour Ph lower than 7 Ex. Citric acid in lemons Produce hydrogen
Characteristics of a base:
Red litmus paper turn blue Bitter Ph higher than 7 Slippery texture Soap Produces OH
Arrhenius
What are acids what are bases
Problems
A- yield H+
B- yield OH
Problem- only works well with very strong acids and bases ex. Won’t work for ammonia
Bronstead Lowry
Focuses on H+ (proton donating/accepting)
A- H ion donor
B- H ion acceptor
ADBA
Strength of an acid is determined by?
How wel it ionizes
Characteristics of a strong acid:
Ionizes completely in water
Essentially no reverse reaction
Conduct electricity very well because lots of ions carry the current
Ex. Hydrochloric acid
Characteristics of a weak acid:
Do not ionize completely in water
Reach equilibrium when ionized
Not as conductive
Ex. Acetic acid CH3 COOH
Concentrated
Lot of acid/base with not a lot of water
Dilute
More water than acid/base
