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Chemistry ATAR 11 > Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Acidic solutions

A

conduct an electrical current
turn blue litmus red
sour taste

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2
Q

Basic solutions

A

conduct an electrical current
turn red litmus blue
bitter taste
slippery soapy feel

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3
Q

ACID + METAL

A

SALT + H2

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4
Q

ACID + METAL HYDROXIDE

A

SALT + H2O

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5
Q

ACID + METAL OXIDE

A

SALT + H2O

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6
Q

ACID + CARBONATE

A

SALT + H2O + CO2

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7
Q

ACID + HYDROGENCARBONATE

A

SALT + H2O + CO2

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8
Q

ACID + METAL SULFITE

A

SALT + H2O + SO4

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9
Q

BASE + AMMONIUM SALT

A

SALT + H2O + NH3

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10
Q

BASE + NON-METAL OXIDE

A

SALT + H2O

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11
Q

Ionisation of water and pH

A

some water molecules change into H+ and OH- ions in a reversible reaction; ionisation (SAME CONCENTRATION)
both ions have low concentration of 1x10^-7 molL-1; corresponding to the pH of 7

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12
Q

Acids in water

A

adding an acid raises concentration of H+ ions to above 1x10^-7 molL-1 and hence the pH lowers to below 7

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13
Q

Bases in water

A

adding a base raises concentration of OH- and causes H+ concentration to fall below 1x10^-7 molL-1 and hence pH rises to above 7

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14
Q

Arrhenius theory

A

An acid is a substance that will ionise in solution producing H+ ions
A base is a substance that will dissociate in solution releasing OH- ions

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15
Q

Strong and weak acids and bases

A

strong acids undergo complete ionisation (all dissolved acid converts to ions)
weak acids undergo partial ionisation (remaining mostly in the form of unionised molecules)

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16
Q

Acid-base properties of metal and non-metal oxides

A

non-metal oxides combine with water to form acids. resulting acids ionise to from hydrogen ions and an acidic solution
metallic oxides dissolve in water and dissociate releasing metal ions and oxide ions. oxide ions then combine with water to produce hydroxide ions.

17
Q

CO2

A

H2CO3

18
Q

SO2

A

H2CO3

19
Q

SO3

A

H2SO4

20
Q

NO2

A

HNO3 and HNO2

21
Q

P4O10

A

H3PO4

Chemistry ATAR 11 (7 decks)

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