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CHEMISTRY > Acids and alkalies > Flashcards

Acids and alkalies Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the ph scale used for

A

to measure how acidic or alkaline a substance is

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2
Q

when can youse use a universal indicator

A

to detect how acidic or alkaline a substance is

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3
Q

what is a strong acid

A

it appears red in a ph scale and has small numbers from 1-2

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4
Q

what is a week acid

A

it apears orange or yellow as a slightly bigger number 4-5

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5
Q

what is a neutral acid

A

it appears green as the number 7

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6
Q

what is a weak alkaline

A

it will be blue and is the number 8-9

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7
Q

what is a strong alkaline

A

purple and will be 13 or 14

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8
Q

what sign is used for strong acids and alkalines

A

corrosive symbol

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9
Q

what is a sign used for weak acids

A

irratable symbol which is an x

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10
Q

what colour is litimuspaper wth an acid and alkali

A

red with acid and blue for alkli

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11
Q

what colour is phenel phthalein with an acid and alakli

A

clear with acid and pink with alkali

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12
Q

what is the strength of an acid linked to

A

the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution

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13
Q

what happens when a weak acid tries to ionize

A

it doesb;t fully ionise, not all of the acid has turned into ions

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14
Q

how do you classify a weak or strong acid

A

depends on the extent to which they ionize or dissociate

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15
Q

a weak acid is able to reform the starting mole cule what does this mean

A

it leads to a low concentration of H+ in thee solution

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16
Q

if the acid is strong what does it mean in terms of ionized or dissociated

A

it means it is 100% ionized in water

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17
Q

if the acid is weak what does it mean in terms of ionized or dissociated

A

it means only partly dissociated or ionized in water

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18
Q

what is ph

A

the measure of concentration of hydrogen ions per liter

19
Q

the increase in one unit of ph is by

A

10 fold reduction in hydrogen ion conc entration

19
Q

what does a dilute acid require

A

less acid to neutralise it

20
Q

what do bases do

A

neutralise acids to form salt and water and metal oxides are bases

21
Q

what happens durinbg neuralization

A

the hydrogen ions in the acid combine with oxide ions to form water

22
Q

what is the effect of the neutralization

A

it removes the budrogen ions so the ph increases

23
Q

how are salts produced

A

by replacing the hydrogen ions with metal ions and diffrent acids from diffrent salts

24
Q

what is a salt

A

a compound formed when an acid reacts with a metal or an alkaline

25
Q

what do ionic compounds involve

A

metals and non metals

26
Q

what does a metal + acid make

A

salt + hydrogen

27
Q

what does metal oxide + acid make

A

salt+ water

28
Q

what are all salts

A

ionic compounds

29
Q

metal hydroxide + acid makes

A

salt + water

30
Q

what does metal carbonate and acid make

A

salt + water +carbon dioxide

31
Q

what is sulfate as a symbbol

A

SO42

32
Q

what is nitrate as a symbol

A

NO3

33
Q

what is hydroxide as a symbol

A

OH

34
Q

if you have hydrochloric acid as your starting acid what salt is formed

A

metal chlordie

35
Q

if you have nitric acid as your starting acid what salt is formed

A

metal nitrate

36
Q

if you have sulfric acid as your starting acid what salt is formed

A

metal sulfate

37
Q

to make an insouble salt into a solunle base what apparatus do you need

A

thermometer
googles
copper sulfate colution
bunsen burner
glass rod
magnetic stirer
sulfric acid
evaporating basin
filter paper
funnel
beaker
water
concial flask
tripod
gauze

38
Q

to make an insouble salt into a soublle base what is the first step

A

meaasure exactly 50cm3 of dilute sulfric acid into a beaker and warm it to 50c on the bunsen burner . make sure you don’t heat it till it boil to makesure put a thermometer in

39
Q

to make an insouble salt into a soluble base what is the second step

A

add a spatula of copper oxide to the acid

40
Q

to make an insouble salt into a soluble base what is the third step

A

stir gently with a glass rod until all the soidl has disolved

41
Q

to make an insouble salt into a soluble base what is the fourth step

A

add further spatulas of copper oxide and stir until no more will dissolve and the mixture is slightly cloudy

42
Q
A

CHEMISTRY (17 decks)

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