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Chemistry C1 > Acids > Flashcards

Acids Flashcards

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1
Q

What does oxidising mean

A

Provides oxygen which allows other materials to burn more quickly
E.g liquid oxygen

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2
Q

What does harmful mean

A

Like toxic but not as dangerous

Eg cooper Sulfate

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3
Q

What does highly flammable mean

A

Catches fire easily

Petrol

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4
Q

What does irritant mean

A

Not corrosive but can cause reddening or blistering on the skin
Eg bleach

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5
Q

What does toxic mean

A

Can cause death either by swallowing breathing in or absorption through the skin eg hydrogen cyanide

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6
Q

What does corrosive mean

A

Attacks and destroys living tissues
Including eyes and skin
Eg concentrated sulfur in acid

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7
Q

What is an acid

A 
A substance with a ph less than 7 
Stomach acid
Vinegar
Acid rain
Normal rain
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8
Q

What is an alkali

A 
A substance with a ph greater than 7 
A base that dissolves in water 
Washing up liquid 
Pancreatic juice
Soap powder
Ammonia 
Oven cleaner 
Caustic soda
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9
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction

A

Acid + base -> salt + water

When an acid and base react they form a salt and water and the products are neutral

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10
Q

What are the products of neutralisation reactions used for

A

Salts are used in fertilisers

They are used in fireworks as colouring agents

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11
Q

What is stomach acid

A 
It is hcl in the stomach 
It helps with digestion 
Because the enzymes that work in the stomach work best in acidic conditions  
Helps to kill microbes and bacteria
Can cause indigestion
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12
Q

How do indigestion tablets work

A

They contain bases such as calcium carbonate which can neutralise some of the stomach acid and stop indegestion

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13
Q

Acid + metal oxide

A

Salt and water

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14
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide

A

Salt + water

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15
Q

Hydrochloride acid + copper oxide

A

Copper chloride + water

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16
Q

Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide

A

Sodium chloride and water

17
Q

Sulfuric acid + zinc oxide

A

Zinc Sulfate + water

18
Q

Sulfuric acid + calcium hydroxide

A

Calcium Sulfate + water

19
Q

Nitric acid + magnesium oxide

A

Magnesium Nitrate + water

20
Q

Nitric acid + potassium hydroxide

A

Potassium nitrate+ water

21
Q

Formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

22
Q

Formula for nitric acid

A

HNO3

23
Q

What are the state symbols for a neutralisation reaction

A

Aq
Aq
Aq
L (water)

24
Q

Acid + metal carbonate

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

25
Q

Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate

A

Sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

2hcl + Na2CO3 ->2Nacl + H2O + CO2

26
Q

Hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate

A

Calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

27
Q

What is electrolysis

A

Decomposition of a compound using electrical energy from a dc source

A liquid is required to carry the current called the electrolyte

Electricity is applied by two electrodes

28
Q

What happens in the electrolysis of hydrochloric acid

A

Hcl is the electrolyte
It is split into hydrogen and chlorine gas
The gases bubble and can be collected in test tubes at the electrodes
Hydrogen at the cathode
Chlorine at the anode

29
Q

What is the test for chlorine

A

Put damp blue litmus paper in the test tube and chlorine will bleach it and turn it white

30
Q

What is the test for hydrogen

A

When a lit splint is put into hydrogen it creates a squeaky pop test

31
Q

Happens in the electrolysis of sea water

A

Sodium chloride solution is decomposed

It creates chlorine gas

32
Q

What are the uses of chlorine

A

Used to treat water supplies
Used in manufacture of bleach
Used to make polychloroethene (pvc)

33
Q

What happens in the electrolysis of water

A

Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are produced

34
Q

What is the test for oxygen

A

If a glowing splint is put into the oxygen it will relight

Chemistry C1 (5 decks)

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