Acid-Base Reactions Flashcards
What do you do to neutralise a substance?
To stop an acid from having an effect, a base can be added to it.
Similarly, to stop a base from having an effect, an acid can be added to it.
When acids and bases are mixed, they cancel each other out.
What is neutralisation?
Neutralization is a chemical reaction where an acid and a base react to produce water and salt.
Formula?
Acid + Base = Water + Salt
What happens during neutralisation?
Neutralization happens when an equal number of hydrogen ions (H+) in the acid and hydroxide ions (OH–) in the base combine to form water molecules (H2O).
Other atom formations?
For example, in the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), water is created leaving chloride (Cl–) and sodium (Na+) ions.
The chloride and sodium can form sodium chloride (NaCl), which is most commonly known as table salt. Like water, it is a neutral substance.
Examples of neutralisation?
Jellyfish stings more alkaline…
Indigestion more acidic…
Tooth paste is a base neutralising the acid produced from bacteria in your mouth.
Any bite and bee stings can be treated with bi-carb soda which is a base.
What are carbon dioxide bubbles?
One type of neutralization reaction also produces bubbles of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas.
What happens?
This happens when the base is a carbonate, such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). The reaction fizzes as bubbles of carbon dioxide are given off.
Formula?
The reaction between an acid and a carbonate can be expressed as a word equation:
Acid + Carbonate = water + salt + carbon dioxide
What happens in a volcanic eruption experiment?
For example, in the classic volcanic eruption activity, acetic acid (C2H4O2) in vinegar reacts with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
The reaction produces neutral water and salt. It also releases carbon dioxide gas, which results in a fizzy “eruption”.
