Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMS 242 CVS & Respiration > Acid Base Balance I > Flashcards

Acid Base Balance I Flashcards

1
Q

What is the effect on pH if hydrogen ion concentration increases

A

pH decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the pH of arterial blood

A

7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the pH of venous blood

A

7.35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is pH sensitive

A

ion channel function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is potassium regulated within narrow limits

A

regulate the excitability of cells and membrane potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is affected by fluctuations in H+ levels

A

enzyme activities, potassium levels, excitability of muscle and nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name an alkali pH value in the body

A

pancreatic secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name an acidic pH value in the body

A

gastric secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does metabolism generate

A

carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the pH of carbon dioxide

A

acidic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

break down of what…. can generate hydrogen ions

A

proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What systems are involved with acid base balance

A

blood and tissue buffers, respiration, and renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which system is the fastest to react

A

blood and tissue buffers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which system is the only mechanism for extrusion of acid/alkali

A

renal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the respiratory system help with acid base balance

A

changes CO2 levels in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are buffers for acid base balance present

A

blood, extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid, urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name some examples of buffers

A

haemoglobin, bicarbonate, inorganic phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the most important buffer

A

bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What diseases might cause respiratory acidosis

A

asthma attack, emphysema and COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens when there is too much carbon dioxide in the body

A

pH becomes more acidic, bicarbonate concentration is high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the pH and bicarbonate in respiratory acidosis

A

acidic pH, high bicarbonate concentration

22
Q

What are the pH and bicarbonate levels in respiratory alkalosis

A

alkaline pH, low bicarbonate concentration

23
Q

Under what circumstances would you have respiratory alkalosis

A

panic attacks or hyperventilation

24
Q

What are the pH and bicarbonate levels in metabolic acidosis

A

acidic pH and low bicarbonate levels

25
Q

What causes metabolic alkalosis

A

excess bicarbonate

26
Q

what are the pH and bicarbonate levels is metabolic alkalosis

A

high pH and high bicarbonate levels

27
Q

What is hypoxia

A

low partial pressure of oxygen

28
Q

What is hypercapnia

A

high partial pressure of carbon dioxide

29
Q

What is acidosis

A

acidic pH

30
Q

What do chemoreceptors control

A

breathing

31
Q

What is the function of chemoreceptors

A

detect and control blood gas composition

32
Q

What do chemoreceptors keep constant

A

partial pressure of oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH

33
Q

What are the two types of chemoreceptors

A

peripheral and central

34
Q

What type of system are chemoreceptors involved in

A

negative

35
Q

What do hypoxia, hypercapnia and acidosis all increase

A

ventilation

36
Q

What does increased ventilation in response to hypoxia , hypercapnia and acidosis cause

A

increased partial pressure of oxygen, decreased partial pressure of oxygen, increased pH

37
Q

Where are peripheral chemoreceptors found

A

carotid and aortic bodies

38
Q

What is the main stimulus for peripheral chemoreceptors

A

fall in partial pressure of oxygen - hypoxia

39
Q

Which chemoreceptors are discrete and specific

A

peripheral chemoreceptors

40
Q

What nerves do peripheral chemoreceptors send signals via

A

sinus, vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves

41
Q

What is the receptor cell type in peripheral chemoreceptors

A

Glomus cell

42
Q

What is anoxic condition

A

no oxygen

43
Q

What happens when Glomus cells go into anoxic condition

A

gradual depolarisation of membrane potential, action potentials, activation of nerves

44
Q

What supports the glomus cells

A

type II cells

45
Q

What do glomus cells detect

A

oxygen

46
Q

What is the phenotype of Glomus cells

A

neuronal

47
Q

True or False - peripheral chemoreceptors have high blood flow rate and high metabolic rate

A

TRUE

48
Q

Where are glomus cells present

A

carotid bodies

49
Q

What can adjust the sensitivity of glomus cells

A

carbon dioxide and pH

50
Q

What is the effect of increasing oxygen on glomus cell firing

A

decreases action potential firing

BMS 242 CVS & Respiration (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions