acid base balance

Question 1

what overcomes reduction of pH in body?

Answer 1

rbcs
buffers in bf
brain liver kidney

Question 2

pH =

Answer 2

6.1 + log ( HCO3/(0.03 x PCO2))

Question 3

anion gap represents what?

Answer 3

unmeasured anions = lactate acetoacetate and albumin

Question 4

AG equation without K ref range

Answer 4

8-16 mmol / L

Question 5

AG equation with K ref range

Answer 5

12-20 mmol / L

Question 6

AG equation

Answer 6

( Na + K ) - ( Cl + HCO3)

Question 7

what makes up 1-2 % of total Hb in blood?

Answer 7

COHb and MetHb

Question 8

what is the ketone body that is in greatest proportion in the blood?

Answer 8

beta hydroxybutyrate

Question 9

whats an iatrogenic source of base?

Answer 9

HCO3-

Question 10

what is the buffer system in highest concentration in the blood plasma?

Answer 10

HCO3 CO2 –> carbonic acid

Question 11

whats an imp intracellular buffer?

Answer 11

phosphate

Question 12

how does kidney respond to acidemia?

Answer 12

production of ammonia

Question 13

if anion gap >20 then

Answer 13

very likelihood primary metabolic acidosis regardless of pH and HCO3

Question 14

excess ag equation

Answer 14

(AG - normal AG ) + [ HCO3]
if sum is greater than upper limit of normal [HCO3] then metabolic alkalosis if sum less than lower limit of normal [HCO3] metabolic acidosis ref range of [HCO3] = 22-29