Acid - Base

Question 1

Three major chemicals

Answer 1

CO2 (Acid) H2 (Acid) HCO3 (Base)

Question 2

Major Chemical in the lung

Answer 2

CO2 - Acid

Question 3

Kidney Chemicals

Answer 3

HCO3 , H2

Question 4

Normal Range for pH

Answer 4

7.35- 7.45

Question 5

An acidotic person is

Answer 5

lethargic

Question 6

An alkalotic person is

Answer 6

excitable

Question 7

Kidneys remove excess bicarb by

Answer 7

Urine

Takes hours/days or they can retain

Question 8

To remove CO2 in lungs is by

Answer 8

exhale
Hyperventilation decreases CO2
fast response

Question 9

Respiratory Acidosis

Answer 9

Caused by lungs, 
Compensated by Kidney 
too much CO2 
Hypoventilating 
pH is low. 

S/S - Confused, sleepy, coma
Txt - Oxygen , early signs of hypoxia restlessness and tachy
HOB
Spirometry 
Chest tubes
Deep breathing post op, turn/cough

Question 10

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 10

Lungs
Hyperventilating 
Kidney Compensation 
Too little CO2 
Hysterical caused by aspirin overdose

S/S : Lightheadedness, perioral numbness, tingling

TX: Sedate, Monitor ABG

Question 11

Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 11

Too much Acid 
Compensate with lungs Co2
Too much hydrogen, too little bicarb
DKA, Starving, Renal failure, Severe Diarrhea 
Cell starve - fat breakdown - ketones

S/S Hyperkalemia, arrythmia, Muscle twitching
Kussmal breathing

Question 12

Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 12

Too much Bicab
Compensate lung
Too much bicarb, too little hydrogen
Loss of upper GI, too much antacids

s/s Observe LOC, potassium down, muscle cramps and arrythmias
TX: Replace Potassium